Santelle Odete, Lefèvre Ana Maria Cavalcanti, Cervato Ana Maria
Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo, Avenida Giovanni Gronchi 6582, São Paulo, SP 05724, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2007 Dec;23(12):3061-5. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2007001200029.
This study analyzed social representations of institutional eating and nutritional patterns among residents of long-term homes for the elderly, in order to identify conditioning factors for eating behavior that may interfere in their nutritional status. A qualitative exploratory study was performed in five homes for the elderly in São Paulo, Brasil, including 40 elderly participants of both sexes, without cognitive disorders, residing in these institutions for at least six months. The study selected 20 subjects who were undernourished or at risk of malnutrition and 20 without risk of malnutrition. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed according to the collective subject discourse technique. As perceived by these elderly, the institutional eating routine, the routine menus, and insufficient supply of fruits and vegetables have a negative interference on their eating. They also recognize that balanced nutrition improves health and quality of life. They report that lack of appetite among some residents is related to unpleasing meals, health problems, and inadequate help during meals. This study identified psychological and social factors that may lead to malnutrition among the elderly in institutions.
本研究分析了老年长期护理机构居民对机构饮食和营养模式的社会认知，以确定可能影响其营养状况的饮食行为制约因素。在巴西圣保罗的五家老年护理机构开展了一项定性探索性研究，研究对象包括40名居住在这些机构至少六个月、无认知障碍的男女老年人。该研究选取了20名营养不良或有营养不良风险的受试者以及20名无营养不良风险的受试者。研究人员进行了半结构化访谈，并根据集体主体话语技术对数据进行了分析。在这些老年人看来，机构的饮食常规、常规菜单以及水果和蔬菜供应不足对他们的饮食有负面影响。他们还认识到均衡营养可改善健康和生活质量。他们报告称，一些居民食欲不振与饭菜不合口味、健康问题以及用餐时帮助不足有关。本研究确定了可能导致机构中老年人营养不良的心理和社会因素。
