Djordjevic Natasa, Ghotbi Roza, Bertilsson Leif, Jankovic Slobodan, Aklillu Eleni
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, C1: 68, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Apr;64(4):381-5. doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0438-6. Epub 2007 Dec 22.
To investigate the influence of coffee consumption on CYP1A2 enzyme activity controlling for the effects of smoking and oral contraceptive (OC) use among Serbs and Swedes and to compare CYP1A2 activity between the two populations.
Data on oral contraceptive use, habitual coffee consumption and smoking habits were obtained from 100 Serbian and 149 Swedish healthy volunteers using a detailed questionnaire. CYP1A2 activity was estimated by plasma paraxanthine/caffeine (17X/137X) ratio analysed by reversed-phase HPLC after oral administration of 100 mg caffeine.
Daily consumption of at least three cups of coffee significantly increased CYP1A2 enzyme activity in both Serbs (P=0.0002) and Swedes (P<0.0001). Among non-smokers and non-OC users, heavy coffee consumption significantly increased CYP1A2 activity in Serbs (mean difference 0.11; 95% CI of the mean difference 0.04, 0.18; P=0.003) and Swedes (mean difference 0.07; 95% CI of the mean difference 0.01, 0.12; P=0.02). Significantly higher 17X/137X ratio was detected in Serbian smokers compared to non-smokers. There was no significant gender difference in CYP1A2 activity in Serbs. Controlling for the effect of smoking, heavy coffee consumption habit and oral contraceptive use, significantly lower 17X/137X ratio was observed in Serbs than in Swedes (P=0.0003).
Habitual heavy coffee consumption increases CYP1A2 activity. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formed during roasting of coffee beans might partly be responsible for this effect. The reason for the observed lower CYP1A2 activity in Serbs as compared to Swedes remains to be investigated.
研究咖啡摄入量对塞尔维亚人和瑞典人CYP1A2酶活性的影响，并控制吸烟和口服避孕药（OC）使用的影响，同时比较这两个人群的CYP1A2活性。
通过详细问卷从100名塞尔维亚和149名瑞典健康志愿者处获取口服避孕药使用、习惯性咖啡摄入量和吸烟习惯的数据。口服100毫克咖啡因后，通过反相高效液相色谱分析血浆中对黄嘌呤/咖啡因（17X/137X）比值来估计CYP1A2活性。
每天至少饮用三杯咖啡显著增加了塞尔维亚人（P = 0.0002）和瑞典人（P < 0.0001）的CYP1A2酶活性。在非吸烟者和非OC使用者中，大量饮用咖啡显著增加了塞尔维亚人（平均差异0.11；平均差异的95%置信区间0.04，0.18；P = 0.003）和瑞典人（平均差异0.07；平均差异的95%置信区间0.01，0.12；P = 0.02）的CYP1A2活性。与非吸烟者相比，塞尔维亚吸烟者的17X/137X比值显著更高。塞尔维亚人的CYP1A2活性在性别上无显著差异。在控制吸烟、大量饮用咖啡习惯和口服避孕药使用的影响后，观察到塞尔维亚人的17X/137X比值显著低于瑞典人（P = 0.0003）。
习惯性大量饮用咖啡会增加CYP1A2活性。咖啡豆烘焙过程中形成的多环芳烃可能部分导致了这种效应。塞尔维亚人CYP1A2活性低于瑞典人的原因仍有待研究。
