Einstein Mark H
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1695 Eastchester Rd., Suite 601, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2008 Apr;57(4):443-51. doi: 10.1007/s00262-007-0440-y. Epub 2007 Dec 22.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common infection among women and a necessary cause of cervical cancer. Oncogenic HPV types infecting the anogenital tract have the potential to induce natural immunity, but at present we do not clearly understand the natural history of infection in humans and the mechanisms by which the virus can evade the host immune response. Natural acquired immune responses against HPV may be involved in the clearance of infection, but persistent infection with oncogenic virus types leads to the development of precancerous lesions and cancer. B cell responses are important for viral neutralization, but antibody responses in patients with cervical cancer are poor. Prophylactic vaccines targeting oncogenic virus types associated with cervical cancer have the potential to prevent up to 80% of cervical cancers by targeting HPV types 16 and 18. Clinical data show that prophylactic vaccines are effective in inducing antibody responses and in preventing persistent infection with HPV, as well as the subsequent development of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. This article reviews the known data regarding natural immune responses to HPV and those developed by prophylactic vaccination.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是女性中的常见感染，也是宫颈癌的必要病因。感染肛门生殖道的致癌性HPV类型有可能诱导天然免疫，但目前我们并不清楚人类感染的自然史以及病毒逃避宿主免疫反应的机制。针对HPV的天然获得性免疫反应可能参与感染的清除，但致癌病毒类型的持续感染会导致癌前病变和癌症的发生。B细胞反应对于病毒中和很重要，但宫颈癌患者的抗体反应较差。针对与宫颈癌相关的致癌病毒类型的预防性疫苗，通过靶向16型和18型HPV，有可能预防高达80%的宫颈癌。临床数据表明，预防性疫苗在诱导抗体反应、预防HPV持续感染以及随后的高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变的发生方面是有效的。本文综述了关于对HPV的天然免疫反应以及预防性疫苗所产生的免疫反应的已知数据。
