Guastello Stephen J, Guastello Denise D
Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA.
Nonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci. 2008 Jan;12(1):75-86.
Relatively new discoveries of a genetic component to attitudes have challenged the traditional viewpoint that attitudes are primarily learned ideas and behaviors. Attitudes that are regarded by respondents as "more important" tend to have greater genetic components to them, and tend to be more closely associated with authoritarianism. Nonlinear theories, nonetheless, have also been introduced to study attitude change. The objective of this study was to determine whether change in authoritarian attitudes across two generations would be more aptly described by a linear or a nonlinear model. Participants were 372 college students, their mothers, and their fathers who completed an attitude questionnaire. Results indicated that the nonlinear model (R2 = .09) was slightly better than the linear model (R2 = .08), but the two models offered very different forecasts for future generations of US society. The linear model projected a gradual and continuing bifurcation between authoritarians and non-authoritarians. The nonlinear model projected a stabilization of authoritarian attitudes.
态度的遗传成分方面相对较新的发现对传统观点提出了挑战，传统观点认为态度主要是习得的观念和行为。被受访者视为“更重要”的态度往往具有更大的遗传成分，并且往往与威权主义联系更为紧密。尽管如此，非线性理论也已被引入来研究态度变化。本研究的目的是确定两代人威权态度的变化用线性模型还是非线性模型来描述更为恰当。参与者是372名大学生、他们的母亲和父亲，他们完成了一份态度问卷。结果表明，非线性模型（R2 = 0.09）略优于线性模型（R2 = 0.08），但这两个模型对美国社会的后代给出了截然不同的预测。线性模型预测威权主义者和非威权主义者之间将逐渐持续分化。非线性模型预测威权态度将趋于稳定。
