水痘对家庭的负担：魁北克的一项研究。
Burden of chickenpox on families: A study in Quebec.
作者信息
De Wals P, Blackburn M, Guay M, Bravo G, Blanchette D, Douville-Fradet M
机构信息
Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec;
出版信息
Can J Infect Dis. 2001 Jan;12(1):27-32. doi: 10.1155/2001/361070.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the nonhospital costs of treating chickenpox and to ascertain the opinion of parents regarding the usefulness of vaccination.
DESIGN
Retrospective postal survey.
SETTING
Province of Quebec.
PARTICIPANTS
Random sample of 3333 families with children aged six months to 12 years.
OUTCOME MEASURES
For cases of chickenpox that occurred between September 1, 1997 and August 31, 1998, the use of health services, time away from school or work, patient care required, direct and indirect costs for the families and the health care system, and the opinion of parents regarding chickenpox and the vaccine were evaluated.
RESULTS
The response rate was 64.7%, and 18.8% of households reported a history of chickenpox, a total of 693 cases. A physician was consulted in 45.8% of these cases, and medication was used in 91.7%. The frequency of hospitalizations was 0.6%. Time away from work or school caused by the disease was 4.1 days on average, with 46.5% of absences being attributed to the risk of contagion. The total average cost of a case of chickenpox was $225. Direct expenses for households accounted for 11% of the total cost, public sector direct costs 7%, indirect costs related to absence from work 38% and caregiving time 45%. A majority of parents (70%) were in favour of a systematic childhood immunization program.
CONCLUSIONS
Chickenpox without complications is disruptive for families, but the direct costs for families and the public sector are relatively small.
目的
估算水痘治疗的非住院费用，并确定家长对疫苗接种效用的看法。
设计
回顾性邮寄调查。
地点
魁北克省。
参与者
随机抽取的3333个有6个月至12岁孩子的家庭。
观察指标
对于1997年9月1日至1998年8月31日期间发生的水痘病例，评估卫生服务的使用情况、缺课或误工时间、所需的患者护理、家庭和医疗保健系统的直接和间接费用，以及家长对水痘和疫苗的看法。
结果
回复率为64.7%，18.8%的家庭报告有水痘病史，共693例。其中45.8%的病例咨询过医生，91.7%使用过药物。住院率为0.6%。该病导致的误工或缺课时间平均为4.1天，46.5%的缺勤归因于传染风险。一例水痘的总平均费用为225美元。家庭直接费用占总费用的11%，公共部门直接费用占7%，与误工相关的间接费用占38%，护理时间占45%。大多数家长（70%）赞成开展系统性的儿童免疫计划。
结论
无并发症的水痘会给家庭带来困扰，但家庭和公共部门的直接费用相对较小。
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