Nowak Zbigniew, Karowicz-Bilińska Agata
WSS im. M. Kopernika w Lodzi.
Ginekol Pol. 2007 Sep;78(9):678-84.
The process of carcinogenesis in both types of cervical carcinoma is dependent on the infection of oncogenic types of HPV. HPV infection could be diagnosed on the basis of whether or not the DNA virus in present. In pregnant women the latent-persistent infection easily changes into its active form. This process is related to changes in immunological response and concentration of the hormones.
The main aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of HPV infection in healthy pregnant women in second and third trimester of pregnancy and the presence of selected risk factors.
The study was conducted in 2005-2006 on hospitalized women in The Clinic of High Risk Pregnancy. The first group consisted of 180 pregnant women in 2nd trimester of pregnancy, the second comprised 220 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester. In all women the Pap-smears and diagnosis of DNA presence of high and low risk HPV from the border line of cervical epithelium were tested on the first day of the hospitalization. The PCR method using Human Papilloma Virus Typing Set was used.
In 400 pregnant women the presence of HPV was found in 4.5%, type 16 was fund in 2.5%, type 18 in 1.7%. Combined infection 16 and 18 types was found in 0.2%. In 180 pregnant women in II trimester high risk HPV was found in 4.4%: 16 type was found in 2.8%, 18 type in 1.7%. In IlI trimester high risk HPV was found in 4.5%: 16 type was found in 2.3%, type 18 in 1.8%, combined 16 and 18 in 0.4%. Low risk HPV was found in 1.0%- type 6. In II trimester in 1.1%, In III trimester 0.9%. There were no differences between HPV infection rate in II and III trimester, pregnant women age, the gravity and HSV2 infection. The difference was found between high risk HPV infection and parity, cigarette smoking and oncological family history.
Asymptomatic HPV infection has the same frequency in II and III trimester. High parity, cigarette smoking and oncological family history were connected with an increased rate of high risk HPV infection. All women in reproductive age should be checked for the HPV DNA.
两种类型宫颈癌的致癌过程均依赖于致癌型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的感染。HPV感染可根据DNA病毒是否存在来诊断。在孕妇中，潜伏-持续感染容易转变为活跃形式。这一过程与免疫反应和激素浓度的变化有关。
本研究的主要目的是评估妊娠中晚期健康孕妇HPV感染的频率以及选定风险因素的存在情况。
该研究于2005 - 2006年在高危妊娠诊所对住院妇女进行。第一组由180名妊娠中期孕妇组成，第二组由220名妊娠晚期孕妇组成。所有妇女在住院第一天均进行巴氏涂片检查，并检测宫颈上皮边界处高危和低危HPV的DNA存在情况。采用人乳头瘤病毒分型试剂盒的聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法。
在400名孕妇中，HPV阳性率为4.5%，16型占2.5%，18型占1.7%。16型和18型合并感染占0.2%。在180名妊娠中期孕妇中，高危HPV阳性率为4.4%：16型占2.8%，18型占1.7%。在妊娠晚期，高危HPV阳性率为4.5%：16型占2.3%，18型占1.8%，16型和18型合并感染占0.4%。低危HPV阳性率为1.0% - 6型。妊娠中期为1.1%，妊娠晚期为0.9%。妊娠中期和晚期孕妇的HPV感染率、孕妇年龄、妊娠次数和单纯疱疹病毒2型（HSV2）感染之间无差异。高危HPV感染与产次、吸烟和肿瘤家族史之间存在差异。
无症状HPV感染在妊娠中期和晚期的发生率相同。高孕次、吸烟和肿瘤家族史与高危HPV感染率增加有关。所有育龄妇女均应检查HPV DNA。
