Schaeffer A J
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008 Feb;31 Suppl 1:S108-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.08.027.
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), formerly known as chronic abacterial prostatitis, is characterised by pelvic or perineal pain without evidence of urinary tract infection. It manifests as pain in a variety of areas including the perineum, rectum, prostate, penis, testicles and abdomen [Litwin MS, McNaughton-Collins M, Fowler Jr FJ, Nickel JC, Calhoun EA, Pontari MA, et al. The National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index: development and validation of a new outcome measure. Chronic Prostatitis Collaborative Research Network. J Urol 1999;2:369-75]. It is also frequently associated with symptoms including urinary urgency, frequency, hesitancy and poor or interrupted flow. CPPS may be associated with white cells in the prostatic secretions (inflammatory) (NIH-3A), or white cell absence in the prostatic secretions (non-inflammatory) (NIH-3B) [Krieger JN, Nyberg Jr L, Nickel JC. NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis. JAMA 1999;3:236-7].
慢性盆腔疼痛综合征（CPPS），以前称为慢性非细菌性前列腺炎，其特征是盆腔或会阴疼痛，且无尿路感染证据。它表现为多种部位的疼痛，包括会阴、直肠、前列腺、阴茎、睾丸和腹部[利特温MS，麦克诺顿 - 柯林斯M，小福勒FJ，尼克尔斯JC，卡尔霍恩EA，庞塔里MA等。美国国立卫生研究院慢性前列腺炎症状指数：一种新结局指标的制定与验证。慢性前列腺炎协作研究网络。《泌尿外科杂志》1999年；2：369 - 75]。它还常伴有尿急、尿频、排尿犹豫以及尿流不畅或中断等症状。CPPS可能与前列腺分泌物中存在白细胞（炎症性）（NIH - 3A）或前列腺分泌物中无白细胞（非炎症性）（NIH - 3B）相关[克里格JN，小奈伯格L，尼克尔斯JC。美国国立卫生研究院前列腺炎的共识定义和分类。《美国医学会杂志》1999年；3：236 - 7]。
