Kashani Shahram, Mearza Ali A
Ophthalmology Specialist Register, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 162 City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK.
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2008 Jan;7(1):79-89. doi: 10.1517/14740338.7.1.79.
Ciclosporin is a calcineurin inhibitor that acts by primarily inhibiting the action of T cells. Clinical trials in the early 1980s demonstrated that systemic ciclosporin was a promising steroid-sparing agent and was also effective in patients who are refractory to treatment with corticosteroids. However, recent years have witnessed the emergence of safer immunosuppressive agents due to the poor side-effect profile of systemic ciclosporin. Topical ciclosporin, however, has a much improved safety profile and is still used to treat a variety of ocular surface disorders including dry eye syndrome, vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis, severe blepharitis and high-risk corneal graft patients. This article reviews the uses and safety profile of systemic and topical ciclosporin in ophthalmology, as well as discussing alternative therapeutic agents available.
环孢素是一种钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂，其主要作用是抑制T细胞的活性。20世纪80年代早期的临床试验表明，全身性环孢素是一种有前景的类固醇替代药物，对皮质类固醇治疗无效的患者也有效。然而，由于全身性环孢素的副作用较大，近年来出现了更安全的免疫抑制剂。不过，局部用环孢素的安全性有了很大改善，仍用于治疗多种眼表疾病，包括干眼综合征、春季角结膜炎和特应性角结膜炎、严重睑缘炎以及高危角膜移植患者。本文综述了全身性和局部用环孢素在眼科的用途和安全性，并讨论了可用的替代治疗药物。
