红背（黑寡妇）蜘蛛抗蛇毒血清静脉注射和肌肉注射后血清抗蛇毒浓度的比较。
A comparison of serum antivenom concentrations after intravenous and intramuscular administration of redback (widow) spider antivenom.
作者信息
Isbister Geoffrey K, O'Leary Margaret, Miller Mark, Brown Simon G A, Ramasamy Sharmaine, James Rosemary, Schneider Jennifer S
机构信息
Tropical Toxinology Unit, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
出版信息
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Jan;65(1):139-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.03004.x. Epub 2007 Aug 9.
AIMS
There are no studies measuring antivenom concentrations following intramuscular administration. This study aimed to compare antivenom concentrations following intravenous and intramuscular administration of redback spider antivenom (RBSAV).
METHODS
Twenty patients recruited to a controlled trial comparing intramuscular and intravenous administration of antivenom had serial blood samples collected at 30 min intervals for 2 h after the administration of one or two doses of antivenom. Antivenom concentration was measured using an enzyme immunoassay.
RESULTS
Ten patients received intramuscular antivenom but antivenom could not be detected in serum after either one or two vials, at any time point. The median time of the final sample after commencement of antivenom treatment in these patients was 3.2 h (1.8-5 h). Ten patients received intravenous antivenom (three one vial and seven two or more vials) and antivenom was detected in all patients.
CONCLUSIONS
RBS AV given by the intramuscular route is unlikely to be effective in the treatment of redback (widow) spider bite.
目的
尚无关于肌内注射抗蛇毒血清后抗蛇毒血清浓度测定的研究。本研究旨在比较静脉注射和肌内注射红背蜘蛛抗蛇毒血清（RBSAV）后的抗蛇毒血清浓度。
方法
20名入选抗蛇毒血清肌内注射与静脉注射对照试验的患者，在注射一剂或两剂抗蛇毒血清后的2小时内，每隔30分钟采集系列血样。采用酶免疫测定法测量抗蛇毒血清浓度。
结果
10名患者接受了肌内注射抗蛇毒血清，但在注射一管或两管后的任何时间点，血清中均未检测到抗蛇毒血清。这些患者抗蛇毒血清治疗开始后最后一次采样的中位时间为3.2小时（1.8 - 5小时）。10名患者接受了静脉注射抗蛇毒血清（3名注射一管，7名注射两管或更多管），所有患者均检测到抗蛇毒血清。
结论
肌内注射途径给予的RBS AV不太可能有效治疗红背（黑寡妇）蜘蛛咬伤。
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