Morano Lisa D, Bextine Blake R, Garcia Dennis A, Maddox Shermel V, Gunawan Stanley, Vitovsky Natalie J, Black Mark C
Department of Natural Science, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX 77002-1001, USA.
Curr Microbiol. 2008 Apr;56(4):346-51. doi: 10.1007/s00284-007-9088-2. Epub 2008 Jan 3.
Xylella fastidiosa is the causative agent of Pierce's Disease of grape. No published record of X. fastidiosa genetics in Texas exists despite growing financial risk to the U.S. grape industry, a Texas population of the glassy-winged sharpshooter insect vector (Homalodisca vitripennis) now spreading in California, and evidence that the bacterium is ubiquitous to southern states. Using sequences of conserved gyrB and mopB genes, we have established at least two strains in Texas, grape strain and ragweed strain, corresponding genetically with subsp. piercei and multiplex, respectively. The grape strain in Texas is found in Vitis vinifera varieties, hybrid vines, and wild Vitis near vineyards, whereas the ragweed strain in Texas is found in annuals, shrubs, and trees near vineyards or other areas. RFLP and QRT PCR techniques were used to differentiate grape and ragweed strains with greater efficiency than sequencing and are practical for screening numerous X. fastidiosa isolates for clade identity.
木质部难养菌是葡萄皮尔氏病的病原体。尽管美国葡萄产业面临的经济风险不断增加，德克萨斯州存在玻璃翅叶蝉昆虫载体（葡萄长头叶蝉）种群且该种群目前正在加利福尼亚州扩散，并且有证据表明该细菌在南部各州普遍存在，但关于德克萨斯州木质部难养菌遗传学的公开记录却不存在。利用保守的gyrB和mopB基因序列，我们在德克萨斯州确定了至少两个菌株，即葡萄菌株和豚草菌株，它们在基因上分别与piercei亚种和multiplex亚种相对应。德克萨斯州的葡萄菌株存在于酿酒葡萄品种、杂交葡萄藤以及葡萄园附近的野生葡萄中，而德克萨斯州的豚草菌株存在于葡萄园附近或其他地区的一年生植物、灌木和树木中。限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）和实时定量聚合酶链反应（QRT PCR）技术用于区分葡萄菌株和豚草菌株，其效率高于测序，并且对于筛选众多木质部难养菌分离株的进化枝身份很实用。
