University of Texas at Tyler, 3900 University Blvd, Tyler, TX 75799, USA.
J Insect Sci. 2010;10:168. doi: 10.1673/031.010.14128.
The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripeninis Germar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is a xylophagous insect that is an endemic pest of several economically important plants in Texas. H. vitripennis is the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa Wells (Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae), the bacterium that causes Pierce's disease of grapevine and can travel long distances putting much of Texas grape production at risk. Understanding the movement of H. vitripennis populations capable of transmitting X. fastidiosa into Pierce's-disease-free areas is critical for developing a management program for Pierce's disease. To that end, the USDA-APHIS has developed a program to sample vineyards across Texas to monitor populations of H. vitripennis. From this sampling, H vitripennis collected during 2005 and 2006 over the months of May, June, and July from eight vineyards in different regions of Texas were recovered from yellow sticky traps and tested for the presence of X. fastidiosa. The foregut contents were vacuum extracted and analyzed using RT-PCR to determine the percentage of H. vitripennis within each population that harbor X. fastidiosa and have the potential to transmit this pathogen. H. vitripennis from vineyards known to have Pierce's disease routinely tested positive for the presence of X. fastidiosa. While almost all H. vitripennis collected from vineyards with no history of Pierce's disease tested negative for the presence of the pathogen, three individual insects tested positive. Furthermore, all three insects were determined, by DNA sequencing, to be carrying a strain of X. fastidiosa homologous to known Pierce's disease strains, signifying them as a risk factor for new X. fastidiosa infections.
玻璃翅锐缘蝉，Homalodisca vitripeninis Germar（半翅目：叶蝉科），是一种木质昆虫，是德克萨斯州几种经济重要植物的特有害虫。H. vitripennis 是 Xylella fastidiosa Wells（黄单胞菌目：黄单胞菌科）的主要载体，该细菌引起葡萄皮尔氏病，能够长距离传播，使德克萨斯州的大部分葡萄生产面临风险。了解能够传播 X. fastidiosa 的 H. vitripennis 种群进入无皮尔氏病地区的迁移情况，对于制定皮尔氏病管理计划至关重要。为此，美国农业部动植物卫生检验局开发了一个在德克萨斯州各地葡萄园采样的计划，以监测 H. vitripennis 种群。从这次采样中，在 2005 年和 2006 年的 5 月、6 月和 7 月，从德克萨斯州不同地区的八个葡萄园收集的 H vitripennis 从黄色粘性陷阱中回收，并测试是否存在 X. fastidiosa。使用 RT-PCR 真空提取前肠内容物并进行分析，以确定每个种群中携带 X. fastidiosa 的 H. vitripennis 的百分比，以及有传播这种病原体的潜力。来自已知患有皮尔氏病的葡萄园的 H. vitripennis 经常对 X. fastidiosa 的存在检测呈阳性。虽然几乎所有来自没有皮尔氏病病史的葡萄园的 H. vitripennis 对病原体的存在检测均呈阴性，但有三只单独的昆虫检测呈阳性。此外，通过 DNA 测序，所有三只昆虫都携带与已知皮尔氏病菌株同源的 X. fastidiosa 菌株，这表明它们是新的 X. fastidiosa 感染的危险因素。
