Bauminger Nirit, Solomon Marjorie, Aviezer Anat, Heung Kelly, Gazit Lilach, Brown John, Rogers Sally J
School of Education, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2008 Feb;36(2):135-50. doi: 10.1007/s10802-007-9156-x. Epub 2008 Jan 3.
This study of Israeli and American preadolescent children examined characteristics of friendship in 44 children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) compared to 38 typically developing children (TYP), as they interacted with a close friend Participants were 8-12 years of age (HFASD: Israel, n = 24; USA, n = 20; TYP: Israel, n = 23; USA, n = 15), and were matched on SES, receptive language vocabulary, child age, and gender (each study group included one girl). Multidimensional assessments included: individual behaviors of target children and observed child-friend interactions during construction and drawing scenarios; target child's and friend's self-perceived mutual friendship qualities; and mother-reported characteristics (friendship's duration/frequency; friend's age/gender/disability status). Overall, children with HFASD displayed a number of differences on individual and dyadic friendship measures. Both age and verbal abilities affected friendship behaviors. Children with HFASD and their friends perceived friendship qualities similarly, suggesting that preadolescents with HFASD have capacities for interpersonal awareness. Between-group similarities also emerged on several complex social behaviors, suggesting that friendship follows a developmental trajectory in autism and may enhance social interaction skills in autism.
这项针对以色列和美国青春期前儿童的研究，对44名高功能自闭症谱系障碍（HFASD）儿童与38名发育正常儿童（TYP）在与亲密朋友互动时的友谊特征进行了考察。参与者年龄在8至12岁之间（HFASD组：以色列，n = 24；美国，n = 20；TYP组：以色列，n = 23；美国，n = 15），并在社会经济地位、接受性语言词汇、儿童年龄和性别方面进行了匹配（每个研究组包括一名女孩）。多维评估包括：目标儿童的个体行为以及在搭建和绘画场景中观察到的儿童与朋友的互动；目标儿童和朋友自我感知的相互友谊品质；以及母亲报告的特征（友谊的持续时间/频率；朋友的年龄/性别/残疾状况）。总体而言，HFASD儿童在个体和二元友谊测量方面表现出一些差异。年龄和语言能力都会影响友谊行为。HFASD儿童及其朋友对友谊品质的感知相似，这表明患有HFASD的青春期前儿童具有人际意识能力。在一些复杂的社会行为上也出现了组间相似性，这表明友谊在自闭症中遵循一种发展轨迹，并且可能会增强自闭症患者的社交互动技能。
