Tremblay Eléonore, Bélanger André, Brosseau Marcel, Boivin Guy
Agriculture et AgroAlimentaire Canada, Centre de Recherche et de Développement en Horticulture, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Québec J3B 3E6, Canada.
Pest Manag Sci. 2008 Mar;64(3):249-54. doi: 10.1002/ps.1514.
The effects of an insecticidal soap on the survival, fitness and behaviour of an aphid parasitoid wasp, Aphidius colemani (Viereck), were studied in the laboratory. The LC(50) (soap concentration causing 50% mortality 24 h after treatment) was determined. The survival of parasitoid larvae (% adult emergence), fitness (tibia length of adults) and number of eggs produced per female parasitoid that survived in third- and fourth-instar aphids treated with insecticidal soap LC(50) were also assessed. The LC(50) for third- and fourth-instar aphids was determined to be 3.25 g L(-1). Acceptance by female parasitoids of aphids that survived their LC(50) was also tested.
The soap concentration causing 100% mortality in adult wasps 24 h after treatment was 17.5 g L(-1). The LC(50) was 2.75 g L(-1). Soap did not have any effect on the survival of parasitoid immatures or on the fitness or number of eggs produced per female parasitoid. Wasps that were in contact with treated aphids did not oviposit as much in them as in untreated aphids, indicating that female parasitoids detected aphids treated with insecticidal soap.
These data suggest that aphid parasitoids released following treatment with insecticidal soap are likely to accept a lower proportion of the surviving aphids. Biological control programmes could be ameliorated by soap applications if the latter were made 1 day before the release of wasps in the greenhouse.
在实验室中研究了杀虫皂对蚜虫寄生蜂——菜蚜茧蜂（Aphidius colemani (Viereck)）的存活、适合度和行为的影响。测定了LC50（处理后24小时导致50%死亡率的肥皂浓度）。还评估了用杀虫皂LC50处理的三龄和四龄蚜虫中寄生蜂幼虫的存活率（成虫羽化率）、适合度（成虫胫节长度）以及存活的每只雌性寄生蜂产生的卵数。确定三龄和四龄蚜虫的LC50为3.25 g L-1。还测试了雌性寄生蜂对经其LC50处理后存活的蚜虫的接受情况。
处理后24小时导致成年黄蜂100%死亡的肥皂浓度为17.5 g L-1。LC50为2.75 g L-1。肥皂对寄生蜂未成熟个体的存活、或对每只雌性寄生蜂的适合度或产卵数均无任何影响。与经处理的蚜虫接触的黄蜂在其中的产卵量不如在未处理的蚜虫中多，这表明雌性寄生蜂能检测到经杀虫皂处理的蚜虫。
这些数据表明，用杀虫皂处理后释放的蚜虫寄生蜂可能会接受比例更低的存活蚜虫。如果在温室中释放黄蜂前1天施用肥皂，生物防治计划可能会得到改善。
