Cederborg A-C, Lamb M
Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2008 Jan;52(Pt 1):49-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2007.00976.x.
When interviewing alleged victims of crime, it is important to obtain reports that are as accurate and complete as possible. This can be especially difficult when the alleged victims have intellectual disabilities (ID). This study explored how alleged victims with ID are interviewed by police officers in Sweden and how this may affect their ability to report information as accurately as possible.
Twelve interviews with 11 alleged victims were selected from a larger sample. The complainants were interviewed when their chronological ages ranged from 6.1 to 22 years. A quantitative analysis examined the type of questions asked and the numbers of words and details they elicited in response.
Instead of open-ended questions, the interviewers relied heavily on focused questions, which are more likely to elicit inaccurate information. When given the opportunity, the witnesses were able to answer directive questions informatively.
Interviewers need special skills in order to interview alleged victims who have ID. In addition to using more open-ended questions, interviewers should speak in shorter sentences.
在询问犯罪指控的受害者时，获取尽可能准确和完整的报告非常重要。当被指控的受害者有智力障碍时，这可能会特别困难。本研究探讨了瑞典警察如何询问有智力障碍的被指控受害者，以及这可能如何影响他们尽可能准确报告信息的能力。
从一个更大的样本中选取了对11名被指控受害者的12次访谈。这些投诉人接受访谈时的实际年龄在6.1岁至22岁之间。定量分析考察了所提问题的类型以及他们回答所引出的单词数量和细节。
访谈者严重依赖聚焦性问题而非开放式问题，而聚焦性问题更有可能引出不准确的信息。当有机会时，证人能够对指示性问题给出详实的回答。
访谈者需要特殊技能来询问有智力障碍的被指控受害者。除了使用更多开放式问题外，访谈者应该使用更简短的句子。
