Williams Christine L, Strobino Barbara A
Department of Pediatrics, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, 3959 Broadway, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Prev Cardiol. 2008 Winter;11(1):11-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.06677.x.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors can be identified in children and tracked over time. We studied 519 children (mean age, 3.9 years) and reevaluated CVD risk factors 4 years later. Baseline and follow-up (FU) measures included height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure level, blood lipid values, and 24-hour dietary intake. Nutritional predictors of CVD risk factors (lipid levels and BMI) were identified using regression analysis at follow-up. Energy intake at baseline and FU, as well as increasing BMI over time, were directly associated with total cholesterol levels. Dietary intake of monounsaturated fat and dietary fiber were significant predictors of total cholesterol level at follow-up (inverse associations). Increasing BMI, waist circumference at FU, and intake of sucrose at FU were inversely associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at FU. Waist circumference and BMI at FU were associated with higher triglyceride levels, while percent energy from monounsaturated fat was associated with lower values. This study provides further evidence that dietary intake influences CVD risk factors in childhood.
心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素可在儿童期得到识别并随时间进行追踪。我们对519名儿童（平均年龄3.9岁）进行了研究，并在4年后重新评估了心血管疾病风险因素。基线和随访测量包括身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）、血压水平、血脂值以及24小时饮食摄入量。在随访时，通过回归分析确定了心血管疾病风险因素（血脂水平和BMI）的营养预测指标。基线和随访时的能量摄入，以及随时间增加的BMI，均与总胆固醇水平直接相关。随访时，单不饱和脂肪的饮食摄入量和膳食纤维是总胆固醇水平的显著预测指标（呈负相关）。随访时BMI增加、随访时腰围以及随访时蔗糖摄入量与随访时高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈负相关。随访时腰围和BMI与较高的甘油三酯水平相关，而单不饱和脂肪提供的能量百分比则与较低的甘油三酯水平相关。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，表明饮食摄入会影响儿童期的心血管疾病风险因素。
