Rheinberger Hans-Jörg
Max-Planck-Institut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Berlin.
Ber Wiss. 2007 Jun;30(2):135-44. doi: 10.1002/bewi.200701248.
It is generally accepted that the development of modern science is rooted in experiment. Yet for a long time, experimentation did not occupy a prominent role in history of science. With the practical turn in science studies, this has begun to change. This paper is concerned with cultures of experiment. In the first part, a suggestion is made as to how the concept of experimental culture can be used to go beyond a history of disciplines. In the second part, a particular experimental culture in the life sciences is looked at more closely. A survey is given on the changing forms of in vitro experimentation, that is, on analyzing biological functions in a test tube.
人们普遍认为，现代科学的发展源于实验。然而，在很长一段时间里，实验在科学史上并未占据突出地位。随着科学研究的实践转向，这种情况开始发生变化。本文关注的是实验文化。在第一部分，就如何利用实验文化的概念超越学科史提出了一个建议。在第二部分，对生命科学中的一种特定实验文化进行了更深入的研究。对体外实验形式的变化进行了综述，即对在试管中分析生物功能的研究。
