Barrack Michelle T, Rauh Mitchell J, Barkai Hava-Shoshana, Nichols Jeanne F
Department of Exercise and Nutritional Science, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-7251, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jan;87(1):36-43. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.1.36.
Because disordered eating (DE) has been related to menstrual irregularity (MI) and low bone mineral density (BMD) in some studies of female athletes but not in others, it seems beneficial to assess the DE attitudes and behaviors most associated with these conditions.
We aimed to determine the relation between Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) subscale scores, pathologic behaviors, MI, and low BMD in adolescent female runners.
Participants were 93 female competitive cross-country runners 13-18 y old. The EDE-Q, composed of subscales for weight concern, shape concern, eating concern, and dietary restraint, was used to assess DE. Menstrual history was determined by using a questionnaire derived from a medical history form administered before participation in high school athletics. The International Society for Clinical Densitometry and the World Health Organization criterion of <or=-2 or <or=-1 SD, respectively, was used to categorize runners as having low BMD.
Runners with elevated restraint had a significantly (P<0.001) greater incidence of low BMD than did runners with elevated weight and shape concern. After adjustment for possible confounding variables (including menstrual history), lumbar spine BMD, bone mineral content, and BMD z score values were lowest in runners with elevated restraint. In addition, total-body BMD and total-body BMD z scores were significantly (P<0.05) lower in runners with elevated restraint than in those with elevated weight or shape concern. Elevated EDE-Q scores for weight or shape concern, pathologic behaviors, or any combination of the 3 without concurrent dietary restraint were not significantly associated with low bone mass.
These findings suggest that, in adolescent female runners, dietary restraint may be the DE behavior most associated with negative bone health effects.
在一些针对女性运动员的研究中，饮食失调（DE）与月经不规律（MI）及低骨矿物质密度（BMD）有关，但在其他研究中并非如此。因此，评估与这些情况最相关的饮食失调态度和行为似乎是有益的。
我们旨在确定青少年女性跑步运动员的饮食失调检查问卷（EDE-Q）子量表得分、病理行为、月经不规律和低骨矿物质密度之间的关系。
研究对象为93名年龄在13 - 18岁的女性竞技越野跑运动员。EDE-Q由体重关注、体型关注、饮食关注和饮食限制子量表组成，用于评估饮食失调情况。月经史通过一份基于参与高中体育活动前填写的病史表格的问卷来确定。国际临床骨密度测量学会和世界卫生组织的标准分别为低于或等于 -2或低于或等于 -1标准差，以此将跑步运动员分为低骨矿物质密度组。
饮食限制较高的跑步运动员低骨矿物质密度的发生率显著（P<0.001）高于体重和体型关注较高的跑步运动员。在对可能的混杂变量（包括月经史）进行调整后，饮食限制较高的跑步运动员的腰椎骨密度、骨矿物质含量和骨密度z评分值最低。此外，饮食限制较高的跑步运动员的全身骨密度和全身骨密度z评分显著（P<0.05）低于体重或体型关注较高的运动员。体重或体型关注、病理行为或这三者的任何组合且无同时存在的饮食限制的EDE-Q得分升高与低骨量无显著关联。
这些发现表明，在青少年女性跑步运动员中饮食限制可能是与负面骨骼健康影响最相关的饮食失调行为。
