Amodio David M, Devine Patricia G, Harmon-Jones Eddie
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 Jan;94(1):60-74. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.1.60.
Low-prejudice people vary considerably in their ability to regulate intergroup responses. The authors hypothesized that this variability arises from a neural mechanism for monitoring conflict between automatic race-biased tendencies and egalitarian intentions. In Study 1, they found that low-prejudice participants whose nonprejudiced responses are motivated by internal (but not external) factors exhibited better control on a stereotype-inhibition task than did participants motivated by a combination of internal and external factors. This difference was associated with greater conflict-monitoring activity, measured by event-related potentials, when responses required stereotype inhibition. Study 2 demonstrated that group differences were specific to response control in the domain of prejudice. Results indicate that conflict monitoring, a preconscious component of response control, accounts for variability in intergroup bias among low-prejudice participants.
低偏见者在调节群体间反应的能力上差异很大。作者推测，这种变异性源于一种神经机制，该机制用于监测自动的种族偏见倾向与平等主义意图之间的冲突。在研究1中，他们发现，非偏见反应由内部（而非外部）因素驱动的低偏见参与者，在刻板印象抑制任务上比由内部和外部因素共同驱动的参与者表现出更好的控制。当反应需要抑制刻板印象时，这种差异与通过事件相关电位测量的更强的冲突监测活动有关。研究2表明，群体差异特定于偏见领域的反应控制。结果表明，冲突监测作为反应控制的一种前意识成分，解释了低偏见参与者群体间偏见的变异性。
