Arroyave Whitney D, Clipp Elizabeth C, Miller Paige E, Jones Lee W, Ward Dianne S, Bonner Melanie J, Rosoff Philip M, Snyder Denise Clutter, Demark-Wahnefried Wendy
School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2008 Jan;35(1):121-30. doi: 10.1188/08.ONF.121-130.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To determine childhood cancer survivors' barriers to increasing exercise and consuming less fat and more fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and calcium-rich foods.
Mailed survey.
Cases from a comprehensive cancer center.
Convenience sample of 144 childhood cancer survivors aged 13-35 years identified through previous research. Surveys were returned by 118 participants (82% response rate).
Descriptive statistics with chi-square tests were performed between subgroups defined by age (< 18 years and < or = 18 years) and diagnosis (leukemia, lymphoma, and central nervous system cancers).
Barriers to exercise, consuming less fat, and eating more fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and calcium-rich foods.
Proportionately more childhood cancer survivors reported barriers to exercise and following a low-fat diet than to consuming more fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and calcium-rich foods. Primary barriers to exercise included being too tired (57%), being too busy (53%), and not belonging to a gym (48%), whereas barriers for restricting high-fat foods were commercials that make high-fat foods look so appealing (58%) and having friends who eat a lot of high-fat foods (50%). Difficulty associated with ordering healthy foods when dining out also was a leading barrier to following a low-fat diet (50%), as well as eating more whole grains (31%), fruits and vegetables (30%), and calcium-rich foods (15%).
Childhood cancer survivors report several barriers to exercise and consuming a low-fat diet with more fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and calcium-rich foods.
This study's findings may be helpful to nurses, health educators, and allied health professionals in developing effective interventions that promote healthful lifestyle change among childhood cancer survivors.
目的/目标：确定儿童癌症幸存者在增加运动量、减少脂肪摄入以及增加水果、蔬菜、全谷物和富含钙的食物摄入量方面所面临的障碍。
邮寄调查问卷。
来自一家综合癌症中心的病例。
通过先前研究确定的144名年龄在13 - 35岁的儿童癌症幸存者的便利样本。118名参与者回复了调查问卷（回复率为82%）。
对按年龄（<18岁和≥18岁）和诊断（白血病、淋巴瘤和中枢神经系统癌症）定义的亚组进行描述性统计和卡方检验。
运动障碍、减少脂肪摄入障碍以及增加水果、蔬菜、全谷物和富含钙的食物摄入量的障碍。
与增加水果、蔬菜、全谷物和富含钙的食物摄入量相比，更多比例的儿童癌症幸存者表示在运动和遵循低脂饮食方面存在障碍。运动的主要障碍包括太累（57%）、太忙（53%）以及没有健身馆会员资格（48%），而限制高脂肪食物摄入的障碍是使高脂肪食物看起来很诱人的广告（58%）以及有吃大量高脂肪食物的朋友（50%）。外出就餐时难以点到健康食物也是遵循低脂饮食（50%）、增加全谷物摄入量（31%）、水果和蔬菜摄入量（30%）以及富含钙的食物摄入量（15%）的主要障碍。
儿童癌症幸存者表示在运动和遵循低脂饮食（增加水果、蔬菜、全谷物和富含钙的食物摄入量）方面存在多种障碍。
本研究结果可能有助于护士、健康教育工作者和相关健康专业人员制定有效的干预措施，以促进儿童癌症幸存者形成健康的生活方式改变。
