The risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in the male population of working age in Poland. II. Epidemiological observations and basic results.

The objective of this work is to present the methodology and basic results of epidemiological studies, which facilitate the evaluation of risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in males of working age, exposed to risk factors related to this group of diseases, in comparison with females. The results revealed that in Poland, social and stressogenic factors determining strong negative life-styles play a significant part in shaping male mortality. These factors, acting in combination with high rates of hazards such as smoking, arterial hypertension, obesity and diabetes, significantly increase mortality from cardiovascular diseases.