Domański T, Chruścielewski W, Kluszczyński D, Olszewski J
Department of Radioactive Contamination, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Pol J Occup Med Environ Health. 1991;4(3):291-303.
The paper presents the most recent data, collected 1987-1989, on concentrations of 222Rn products in the air of all Polish underground non-uranium mines, and data on the exposure of the miners employed there. The concentrations and exposure of miners were evaluated by using 'passive' dosimeters, based on the track-etch solid state nuclear track detector, worn as small individual cassettes on helmets of representative groups in every mine for one month, four times a year (once in each season of the year). The paper contains the average annual exposure of miners in coal-, metal-ore-, and chemical raw materials oremines. The paper, also presents expected 'frequency' distributions of individual miners' exposure in particular types of mines, as well as the computer simulations of 'relative frequency' distributions of expected miner's exposure when the Annual Limit of Exposure would be adopted at the level 17, 12, 8.6, 6.9 and 3.4.10(-3) Jhm-3 (5.0, 3.5, 2.5, 2 and 1 WLM). The concept and criteria of classification of mines according to the radiation hazards are presented and discussed. According to that concept, all mines in Poland have been considered and classified into four classes of mines with a different level of radiation hazard. The appropriate radiological surveillance to the respective class of mine is proposed and discussed.
本文介绍了1987 - 1989年期间收集的有关波兰所有地下非铀矿空气中222Rn产物浓度的最新数据，以及在这些矿井中工作的矿工的暴露数据。矿工的浓度和暴露情况通过使用基于径迹蚀刻固态核径迹探测器的“被动”剂量计进行评估，该剂量计作为小型个人盒式装置佩戴在每个矿井中代表性群体的头盔上，为期一个月，每年四次（每年每个季节一次）。本文包含了煤矿、金属矿和化学原料矿中矿工的年平均暴露量。本文还给出了特定类型矿井中个体矿工暴露的预期“频率”分布，以及当年暴露限值采用17、12、8.6、6.9和3.4×10⁻³ Jhm⁻³（5.0、3.5、2.5、2和1 WLM）水平时预期矿工暴露的“相对频率”分布的计算机模拟结果。介绍并讨论了根据辐射危害对矿井进行分类的概念和标准。根据该概念，对波兰所有矿井进行了考虑并将其分为四类辐射危害程度不同的矿井。针对相应类别的矿井提出并讨论了适当的放射学监测措施。
