Mantry D, Cooper S-A, Smiley E, Morrison J, Allan L, Williamson A, Finlayson J, Jackson A
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2008 Feb;52(Pt 2):141-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2007.00985.x.
While there is considerable literature on adults with Down syndrome who have dementia, there is little published on the epidemiology of other types of mental ill-health in this population.
Longitudinal cohort study of adults with Down syndrome who received detailed psychiatric assessment (n = 186 at the first time point; n = 134 at the second time point, 2 years later).
The prevalence of Down syndrome for the 16 years and over population was 5.9 per 10 000 general population. Point prevalence of mental ill-health of any type, excluding specific phobias, was 23.7% by clinical, 19.9% by Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for use with Adults with Learning Disabilities/Mental Retardation (DC-LD), 11.3% by ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR-ICD-10) and 10.8% by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Revised (DSM-IV-TR) criteria. Two-year incidence of mental ill-health of any type was 14.9% by clinical and DC-LD, 9.0% by DCR-ICD-10 and 3.7% by DSM-IV-TR criteria. The highest incidence was for depressive episode (5.2%) and dementia/delirium (5.2%). Compared with persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) of all causes, the standardized rate for prevalence of mental ill-health was 0.6 (0.4-0.8), or 0.4 (0.3-0.6) if organic disorders are excluded, and the standardized incidence ratio for mental ill-health was 0.9 (0.6-1.4), or 0.7 (0.4-1.2) if organic disorders are excluded. Urinary incontinence was independently associated with mental ill-health, whereas other personal factors, lifestyle and supports, and other types of health needs and disabilities were not.
Mental ill-health is less prevalent in adults with Down syndrome than for other adults with ID. The pattern of associated factors differs from that is found for other adults with ID, with few associations found. This suggests that the protection against mental ill-health is biologically determined in this population, or that there are other factors protective for mental ill-health yet to be identified for the population with Down syndrome.
虽然有大量关于患有痴呆症的唐氏综合征成年人的文献，但关于该人群中其他类型心理健康问题的流行病学研究却鲜有发表。
对接受详细精神科评估的唐氏综合征成年人进行纵向队列研究（第一个时间点有186人；两年后的第二个时间点有134人）。
16岁及以上人群中唐氏综合征的患病率为每10000名普通人群中有5.9人。排除特定恐惧症后，任何类型心理健康问题的时点患病率，按临床诊断为23.7%，按《学习障碍/智力迟钝成年人精神疾病诊断标准》（DC-LD）为19.9%，按《国际疾病分类第10版：精神与行为障碍研究诊断标准》（DCR-ICD-10）为11.3%，按《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版（DSM-IV-TR）标准为10.8%。任何类型心理健康问题的两年发病率，按临床和DC-LD为14.9%，按DCR-ICD-10为9.0%，按DSM-IV-TR标准为3.7%。发病率最高的是抑郁发作（5.2%）和痴呆/谵妄（5.2%）。与所有原因导致的智力残疾者相比，心理健康问题患病率的标准化率为0.6（0.4 - 0.8），如果排除器质性疾病则为0.4（0.3 - 0.6），心理健康问题的标准化发病率比为0.9（0.6 - 1.4），如果排除器质性疾病则为0.7（0.4 - 1.2）。尿失禁与心理健康问题独立相关，而其他个人因素、生活方式和支持以及其他类型的健康需求和残疾则无关。
唐氏综合征成年人中心理健康问题的患病率低于其他智力残疾成年人。相关因素的模式与其他智力残疾成年人不同，几乎没有发现关联。这表明该人群对心理健康问题的保护是由生物学决定的，或者存在其他对唐氏综合征人群心理健康有保护作用但尚未确定的因素。
