Holak P, Nowicki M, Adamiak Z, Kasprowicz A
Department of Surgery and Roentgenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2007;10(4):233-8.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of endoscopic examination as a diagnostic method in urethra and bladder ailments in dogs. The experiment involved 60 dogs of different breeds and gender, weighing from 5 to 65 kg, aged between 7 months and 12 years. The dogs were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of clinically healthy animals on which all the lower urinary tract endoscopic examinations described in the literature as well as biopsies of mucosa were performed. Group II consisted of clinical patients, on which endoscopic diagnostic examination was conducted and, on some of them, biopsies for histopathologic examination were made. The results of the experiment suggest that the lower urinary track endoscopy is a suitable diagnostic technique for recognition and differentiation of mucosa inflammation, establishment of causes of haematuria, diagnostics of neoplasms and detection of the existence of an ectopic ureter. Biopsy and histopathologic examination improved the diagnostic value of endoscopy. The techniques tested in our study, inclusive of more invasive method like PPC and cystoscopy on males preceded by the perineal urethrotomy, enable doctors to perform the lower urinary tract endoscopic examination on dogs, especially up to 5 kg. regardless of their gender.
本研究的目的是评估内镜检查作为犬尿道和膀胱疾病诊断方法的适用性。实验涉及60只不同品种和性别的犬，体重从5公斤到65公斤不等，年龄在7个月至12岁之间。这些犬被分为两组。第一组由临床健康的动物组成，对其进行了文献中描述的所有下尿路内镜检查以及黏膜活检。第二组由临床患者组成，对其进行了内镜诊断检查，其中一些还进行了组织病理学检查的活检。实验结果表明，下尿路内镜检查是识别和区分黏膜炎症、确定血尿原因、诊断肿瘤以及检测异位输尿管存在的合适诊断技术。活检和组织病理学检查提高了内镜检查的诊断价值。我们研究中测试的技术，包括更具侵入性的方法，如男性的经会阴尿道切开术后进行的经皮穿刺活检（PPC）和膀胱镜检查，使医生能够对犬进行下尿路内镜检查，尤其是体重达5公斤的犬，无论其性别如何。
