Cooper J E, Milroy E J, Turton J A, Wedderburn N, Hicks R M
Vet Rec. 1984 Dec 1;115(22):571-4. doi: 10.1136/vr.115.22.571.
The use of cystoscopy is advocated as an aid to the early differential diagnosis of disease of the canine bladder. Techniques are described for carrying out urethroscopy and cystoscopy in both male and female dogs using modern medical diagnostic instruments. Males were examined with flexible paediatric bronchofibrescopes, which permitted urethroscopy and cystoscopy, but to obtain extensive biopsies or undertake cauterisation of the bladder surface with rigid endoscopes, a simple perineal urethrostomy was necessary. The bladder of females, on the other hand, was examined by cystoscopy and biopsied using standard rigid cystoscopes and resectoscopes.
提倡使用膀胱镜检查来辅助犬膀胱疾病的早期鉴别诊断。本文描述了使用现代医学诊断仪器对雄性和雌性犬进行尿道镜检查和膀胱镜检查的技术。雄性犬使用可弯曲的儿科支气管纤维镜进行检查，该纤维镜可用于尿道镜检查和膀胱镜检查，但为了获取广泛的活检样本或使用硬性内窥镜对膀胱表面进行烧灼，需要进行简单的会阴尿道造口术。另一方面，雌性犬的膀胱通过膀胱镜检查，并使用标准的硬性膀胱镜和电切镜进行活检。
