Jané-Llopis Eva
Mental Health Program, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Denmark.
Health Promot J Austr. 2007 Dec;18(3):191-7. doi: 10.1071/he07191.
There have been many attempts to define mental health promotion. To date, there is no consensus in the field as to what it entails. While some understand it as a holistic concept including intervening at structural, societal and political levels to positively influence mental health, others conceptualise it basically as strategies with an individual focus to improve personal competencies. Many of these differences are related to the distinct understanding of the concepts of mental well-being and positive mental health. The lack of clarity on the boundaries of mental health promotion has divided professionals and is a missed opportunity, as momentum is moving mental health promotion on to political agendas. In Europe, two important milestones for mental health, the WHO Ministerial Conference and the EC Green Paper on Mental Health, have moved mental health promotion into the political landscape, recognising positive mental health and mental well-being as fundamental to the quality of life and productivity of Europeans and a contributor to sustainable development. Although proven efficacious, ad hoc implementation of mental health promotion programs alone is not sufficient to ensure improvement of the population's mental health. Co-ordinated action that includes efficient ways to deliver such interventions in a sustainable way is essential. Two such delivery mechanisms in the search for efficiency are discussed in this paper: a) identifying co-occurrence of mental and physical health problems in order to include mental health promotion components into existing health promotion interventions; and, b) supporting the inclusion of mental health indicators into sound public policy options in order to prove that efficacious policies in labour, education, environment, etc, also bring about positive mental health outcomes. To support the current interest to bring about positive mental health it is essential that evaluation of existing initiatives is put in place, as well as exploring more efficient ways for program delivery. Clearer concepts and understanding of mental health promotion's scope among practitioners would support the development of the field and the inclusion of mental health action across sectors.
人们曾多次尝试定义促进心理健康。迄今为止，该领域对于促进心理健康的内涵尚未达成共识。一些人将其理解为一个整体概念，包括在结构、社会和政治层面进行干预，以对心理健康产生积极影响；另一些人则基本上将其概念化为以个人为重点来提高个人能力的策略。这些差异中的许多都与对心理健康和积极心理健康概念的不同理解有关。促进心理健康边界的不清晰使专业人士产生了分歧，这是一个错失的机会，因为目前的趋势正将促进心理健康提上政治议程。在欧洲，心理健康的两个重要里程碑，即世界卫生组织部长级会议和欧盟心理健康绿皮书，已将促进心理健康纳入政治版图，承认积极心理健康和心理幸福感是欧洲人生活质量和生产力的基础，也是可持续发展的一个因素。虽然已证明促进心理健康计划有效，但仅临时实施这些计划不足以确保改善民众的心理健康。采取协调行动，包括以可持续方式提供此类干预措施的有效方法至关重要。本文讨论了在寻求效率方面的两种此类实施机制：a）识别心理健康问题与身体健康问题的共现情况，以便将促进心理健康的内容纳入现有的健康促进干预措施中；b）支持将心理健康指标纳入合理的公共政策选项，以证明劳动、教育、环境等方面的有效政策也能带来积极的心理健康结果。为了支持当前对实现积极心理健康的关注，必须对现有举措进行评估，并探索更有效的计划实施方式。从业者对促进心理健康的概念和范围有更清晰的认识，将有助于该领域的发展以及跨部门纳入心理健康行动。
