Meyer Vera
TU Berlin, Institut für Biotechnologie, Fachgebiet Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
Biotechnol Adv. 2008 Mar-Apr;26(2):177-85. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.12.001. Epub 2007 Dec 14.
Filamentous fungi are widely used in biotechnology as cell factories for the production of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and enzymes. In order to improve their productivities, genetic engineering strategies can be powerful approaches. Different transformation techniques as well as DNA- and RNA-based methods to rationally design metabolic fluxes have been developed for industrially important filamentous fungi. However, the lack of efficient genetic engineering approaches still forms an obstacle for a multitude of fungi producing new and commercially interesting metabolites. This review summarises the variety of options that have recently become available to introduce and control gene expression in filamentous fungi and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, important considerations that have to be taken into account to design the best engineering strategy will be discussed.
丝状真菌在生物技术领域被广泛用作生产化学品、药物和酶的细胞工厂。为了提高其生产力，基因工程策略可能是强有力的方法。针对具有工业重要性的丝状真菌，已经开发出了不同的转化技术以及基于DNA和RNA的合理设计代谢通量的方法。然而，缺乏高效的基因工程方法仍然是众多产生新型且具有商业价值代谢产物的真菌面临的障碍。本综述总结了近年来在丝状真菌中引入和控制基因表达的各种可用方法，并讨论了它们的优缺点。此外，还将讨论设计最佳工程策略时必须考虑的重要因素。
