Pawlińska-Chmara R, Wronka I
Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Opole University, Opole, Poland.
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2007 Nov;58 Suppl 5(Pt 2):523-9.
Numerous studies indicate that a major health problem in children are illnesses of the respiratory system. Currently, increased attention is being paid to family social conditions and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of these illnesses. The aim of this study was to determine whether socioeconomic factors are related to child morbidity and whether the frequency of some infectious illnesses (influenza, angina, infections of upper and lower respiratory tract) among children is associated with their tempo of growth. The data came from a cross-sectional survey on 119 girls and 106 boys, aged 9-10 years, attending a primary school in Opole, Poland. In the present study, the rate of biological development was evaluated using height and height-to-weight proportion. Height and weight were measured and used to calculated BMI. The socioeconomic status and child morbidity were assessed, as based on the information giving by parents. To asses the socioeconomic status, the following factors were analyzed: education of parents and self-assessment of their material condition. Statistical analysis of the material were conducted using Chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that illnesses of the respiratory system are more frequent among children from families with a low socioeconomic status. Education of mother was most strongly related to the prevalence of these diseases. The prevalence of respiratory infections in the group of children whose mother have primary and vocational education was more than twice as common as that in the group of children whose mother have university education. No significant association was found between increased morbidity and the tempo of children's growth, but children who suffer from infectious diseases frequently are, on average, shorter and fatter than other children.
众多研究表明，儿童的一个主要健康问题是呼吸系统疾病。目前，人们越来越关注这些疾病发病机制中的家庭社会状况和环境因素。本研究的目的是确定社会经济因素是否与儿童发病率相关，以及儿童中某些传染病（流感、心绞痛、上呼吸道和下呼吸道感染）的发病频率是否与其生长速度有关。数据来自对波兰奥波莱一所小学119名9至10岁女孩和106名男孩的横断面调查。在本研究中，使用身高和身高体重比例来评估生物发育速度。测量身高和体重并用于计算体重指数。根据父母提供的信息评估社会经济状况和儿童发病率。为评估社会经济状况，分析了以下因素：父母的教育程度及其物质状况的自我评估。使用卡方检验和方差分析（ANOVA）对数据进行统计分析。结果表明，社会经济地位低的家庭中的儿童呼吸系统疾病更为常见。母亲的教育程度与这些疾病的患病率关系最为密切。母亲接受小学和职业教育的儿童组中呼吸道感染患病率是母亲接受大学教育的儿童组的两倍多。在发病率增加与儿童生长速度之间未发现显著关联，但经常患传染病的儿童平均比其他儿童更矮更胖。
