Ventsel Gerli, Kolk Anneli, Talvik Inga, Väli Marika, Vaikmaa Maarja, Talvik Tiina
Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.
Neuroepidemiology. 2008;30(1):20-4. doi: 10.1159/000113302. Epub 2008 Jan 17.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem in childhood. Estonia and other Baltic states have the highest trauma-related mortality in the European Union. There are no data on the incidence and causes of TBI for children in Estonia. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence, structure and main causes of TBI in Tartu and Tartu County.
The study was carried out at Tartu University Hospital, between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2005. For inclusion in the study the following criteria had to be fulfilled: age 0-14 years, documented brain trauma and neurological symptoms and residency in Tartu or Tartu County. Over the study period the inclusion criteria were fulfilled in 478 cases [272 boys (57%) and 206 girls (43%)].
The incidence of TBI in childhood in Tartu and Tartu County was 369:100,000 (405:100,000 for boys, 330:100,000 for girls). The incidence was highest among children from 0 to 4 years of age - 566:100,000. The main cause of TBI in all age groups was falling - 63.6%. According to severity, 82% of the cases were mild and 18% were moderate and severe.
There is an urgent need for governmental prevention programs for TBI in children in Estonia.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是儿童时期的一个主要健康问题。爱沙尼亚和其他波罗的海国家在欧盟中创伤相关死亡率最高。爱沙尼亚没有关于儿童TBI发病率和病因的数据。本研究的目的是估计塔尔图和塔尔图县TBI的发病率、结构和主要病因。
该研究于2001年1月1日至2005年12月31日在塔尔图大学医院进行。纳入本研究必须满足以下标准：年龄0至14岁、有记录的脑外伤和神经症状以及居住在塔尔图或塔尔图县。在研究期间，478例符合纳入标准[272名男孩（57%）和206名女孩（43%）]。
塔尔图和塔尔图县儿童期TBI的发病率为369:100,000（男孩为405:100,000，女孩为330:100,000）。发病率在0至4岁儿童中最高——566:100,000。所有年龄组TBI的主要病因是跌倒——63.6%。根据严重程度，82%的病例为轻度，18%为中度和重度。
爱沙尼亚迫切需要针对儿童TBI的政府预防项目。
