Andelic Nada, Sigurdardottir Solrun, Brunborg Cathrine, Roe Cecilie
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Neuroepidemiology. 2008;30(2):120-8. doi: 10.1159/000120025. Epub 2008 Mar 11.
The aim of this prospective, population-based study is to present the incidence of hospital-treated traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Oslo, Norway, and to describe the severity of brain injuries and outcome of the patients' acute medical care.
Data were obtained from hospital admission registers and medical records from May 2005 to May 2006. The initial severity of TBI was measured by the Glasgow Coma Scale. The region is urban with a population of 534,129.
The 445 patients identified represent an annual incidence of 83.3/100,000. The median age was 29 years. The male:female ratio was 1.8:1.0. The highest incidence of TBI hospitalizations was found in the elderly males and the youngest children. The most common causes of TBI were falls (51%) and transport accidents (29.7%). Intracranial lesions were found more often in the elderly. The case fatality rate was 2.0/100 hospitalized patients and was highest in the elderly.
The incidence of hospital-treated TBI in this study is considerably lower than that found in previous studies from Norway and Scandinavia. Despite the apparent decline in TBI hospitalization rates, our findings should also draw attention to the need for more effective preventive programmes related to falls. Studies that assess long-term consequences of TBI in elderly patients are also needed.
这项基于人群的前瞻性研究旨在呈现挪威奥斯陆医院治疗的创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的发病率，并描述脑损伤的严重程度以及患者急性医疗护理的结果。
数据来自2005年5月至2006年5月的医院入院登记和病历。TBI的初始严重程度通过格拉斯哥昏迷量表进行测量。该地区为城市地区，人口为534,129。
确定的445例患者代表年发病率为83.3/100,000。中位年龄为29岁。男女比例为1.8:1.0。TBI住院率最高的是老年男性和最小的儿童。TBI最常见的原因是跌倒（51%）和交通事故（29.7%）。颅内病变在老年人中更常见。病死率为每100名住院患者中有2.0例，且在老年人中最高。
本研究中医院治疗的TBI发病率明显低于挪威和斯堪的纳维亚半岛先前研究中的发病率。尽管TBI住院率明显下降，但我们的研究结果也应引起人们对制定更有效的跌倒预防计划的必要性的关注。还需要开展评估老年患者TBI长期后果的研究。
