Audi Celene Aparecida Ferrari, Corrêa Ana M Segall, Latorre Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira, Santiago Silvia M
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008 Jan-Feb;84(1):60-7. doi: 10.2223/JPED.1744. Epub 2008 Jan 22.
To investigate whether domestic violence during pregnancy is associated with unfavorable infant health outcomes, measured by low birth weight or prematurity.
This was a prospective cohort study enrolling pregnant women whose prenatal care was provided by 10 basic health units in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil, between 2004 and 2006. A structured questionnaire was employed that had previously been validated for use in Brazil. Each mother attended a minimum of two and a maximum of three interviews during the prenatal and postnatal periods. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Student's t test was used to compare means for birth weight and gestational age between mothers who had suffered domestic violence during the current pregnancy and those who had not. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with low birth weight or prematurity.
During the prenatal and postnatal periods, 89.1% (n = 1,229) of the pregnant women were followed up, 10.9% being lost to follow-up, basically due to changes of address. Mean birth weight was 3,233 g; mean gestational age was 38.56 weeks. A total of 13.8% of the infants had low birth weight or were premature. Conditions associated with risk of low birth weight or prematurity were: mothers who had previously given birth prematurely (p < 0.005), who smoked (p < 0.001), who delivered by caesarian (p < 0.001) and whose partners had a low educational level (p < 0.008).
In this study, no statistically significant association was observed between domestic violence perpetrated by partners and low birth weight or prematurity.
通过低出生体重或早产来衡量，调查孕期家庭暴力是否与不良婴儿健康结局相关。
这是一项前瞻性队列研究，纳入了2004年至2006年间在巴西圣保罗州坎皮纳斯市10个基本卫生单位接受产前护理的孕妇。采用了一份先前已在巴西验证有效的结构化问卷。每位母亲在产前和产后期间至少接受两次访谈，最多接受三次访谈。数据采用描述性统计进行分析。采用学生t检验比较当前孕期遭受家庭暴力的母亲与未遭受家庭暴力的母亲之间的出生体重和孕周均值。采用逻辑回归分析来确定与低出生体重或早产相关的因素。
在产前和产后期间，89.1%（n = 1229）的孕妇得到了随访，10.9%失访，主要原因是地址变更。平均出生体重为3233克；平均孕周为38.56周。共有13.8%的婴儿出生体重低或早产。与低出生体重或早产风险相关的情况有：既往有过早产史的母亲（p < 0.005）、吸烟的母亲（p < 0.001）、剖宫产分娩的母亲（p < 0.001）以及伴侣教育水平低的母亲（p < 0.008）。
在本研究中，未观察到伴侣实施的家庭暴力与低出生体重或早产之间存在统计学上的显著关联。
