Oropesa A L, García Cambero J P, Soler F
Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Science (UEX), Avda. de la Universidad s/n. 10071 Cáceres, Spain.
Environ Toxicol. 2008 Jun;23(3):285-93. doi: 10.1002/tox.20342.
Several water-contamination incidents with simazine have occurred in the province of Badajoz (Spain), due to its excessive use for controlling weeds in olive trees and vineyards. Simazine residues were also detected in drinking water, increasing public health concern. However, little is known on the effects that low levels of simazine pose to environment organisms. We investigated if residues of simazine in the natural waters would affect brain and muscle acetylcholinesterase activity in common carps captured in areas in which simazine residues were detected at average levels of 4.5 microg/L. Results confirmed depression on brain and muscle acetylcholinesterase activity of 20% and 29%, respectively, in carps inhabiting one of the simazine-contaminated ponds, termed "Molinos de Matachel." To assess the biological significance of this finding, we developed a controlled laboratory study in which carps were exposed to simazine at 45 microg/L (10-fold that of the natural water levels) for 90 days. The results obtained in the field study were not confirmed in our laboratory experiment, since carps did not show evidence or brain or muscle acetylcholinesterase activity depression for the duration of the experiment, and therefore, we can conclude that acetylcholinesterase depression found in carps collected in "Molinos de Matachel" should be ascribed to other compounds or mixtures of xenobiotics.
由于西玛津在西班牙巴达霍斯省的橄榄树和葡萄园除草中使用过度，该省发生了几起西玛津水污染事件。饮用水中也检测到了西玛津残留，这增加了公众对健康的担忧。然而，对于低水平西玛津对环境生物的影响却知之甚少。我们调查了自然水体中的西玛津残留是否会影响在平均西玛津残留水平为4.5微克/升的区域捕获的鲤鱼的脑和肌肉乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。结果证实，生活在名为“莫利诺斯·德·马塔切尔”的受西玛津污染的池塘之一中的鲤鱼，其脑和肌肉乙酰胆碱酯酶活性分别降低了20%和29%。为了评估这一发现的生物学意义，我们开展了一项对照实验室研究，让鲤鱼在45微克/升（是自然水体水平的10倍）的西玛津环境中暴露90天。我们的实验室实验并未证实实地研究的结果，因为在实验期间鲤鱼并未表现出脑或肌肉乙酰胆碱酯酶活性降低的迹象，因此，我们可以得出结论，在“莫利诺斯·德·马塔切尔”采集的鲤鱼中发现的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性降低应归因于其他化合物或外源性物质的混合物。
