Wells Samantha, Mihic Ljiljana, Tremblay Paul F, Graham Kathryn, Demers Andrée
Social Prevention and Health Policy Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, London, Ontario, Canada.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2008 Mar;32(3):522-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00596.x. Epub 2008 Jan 22.
Epidemiological research using event-level data can provide a better understanding of the association between alcohol consumption, characteristics of drinking contexts, and the likelihood of aggressive behavior. The present research assessed whether alcohol intake and characteristics of the drinking context were associated with the likelihood of aggression within individuals across 3 drinking events based on a national sample of university students, taking into account individual characteristics and university level variables. Additionally, we determined whether individual characteristics, particularly drinking pattern, were associated with alcohol-related aggression controlling for drinking event characteristics, and whether relations of aggression to alcohol and drinking contexts differed by gender.
Secondary analyses of the 2004 Canadian Campus Survey (CCS), a national survey of 6,282 university students (41% response rate) at 40 Canadian universities, were conducted. Respondents were asked about their three most recent drinking events, including whether they were in an argument or fight with someone, number of drinks consumed, and characteristics of the drinking context as well as their usual drinking frequency and heavy episodic drinking. We used multi-level analyses to account for the nested structure of the data (i.e., drinking events nested within individuals who were nested within universities).
The number of drinks consumed was positively associated with aggression. Drinking contexts found to be positively associated with aggression included being at a party, at a fraternity/sorority and/or residence, at three or more drinking places (versus 1 or 2), and having a partner present whereas having a meal reduced the likelihood of aggression. A significant interaction was found between gender and being at a party, with a significant effect found for women but not for men.
These results support experimental evidence indicating a direct role of alcohol in aggression and point to characteristics of the drinking context that might be targeted in future prevention initiatives.
使用事件层面数据的流行病学研究能够更好地理解饮酒量、饮酒场景特征与攻击性行为可能性之间的关联。本研究基于全国范围的大学生样本，在考虑个体特征和大学层面变量的情况下，评估了在3次饮酒事件中个体的饮酒量和饮酒场景特征是否与攻击性行为的可能性相关。此外，我们还确定了个体特征，尤其是饮酒模式，在控制饮酒事件特征的情况下是否与酒精相关的攻击行为有关，以及攻击行为与酒精和饮酒场景的关系是否因性别而异。
对2004年加拿大校园调查（CCS）进行了二次分析，该调查是对加拿大40所大学的6282名大学生进行的全国性调查（回复率为41%）。受访者被问及他们最近的三次饮酒事件，包括他们是否与他人发生争吵或打架、饮酒量、饮酒场景特征以及他们通常的饮酒频率和暴饮情况。我们使用多层次分析来考虑数据的嵌套结构（即饮酒事件嵌套在个体中，个体又嵌套在大学中）。
饮酒量与攻击行为呈正相关。被发现与攻击行为呈正相关的饮酒场景包括在派对上、在兄弟会/姐妹会和/或宿舍、在三个或更多饮酒场所（与1个或2个相比）以及有伴侣在场，而用餐则降低了攻击行为的可能性。在性别和在派对上这两个因素之间发现了显著的交互作用，对女性有显著影响，对男性则没有。
这些结果支持了实验证据，表明酒精在攻击行为中具有直接作用，并指出了饮酒场景的特征，这些特征可能是未来预防措施的目标。
