Cheskin Lawrence J, Davis Lisa M, Lipsky Leah M, Mitola Andrea H, Lycan Thomas, Mitchell Vanessa, Mickle Brooke, Adkins Emily
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, E2537, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Appetite. 2008 Jul;51(1):50-7. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2007.11.007. Epub 2007 Dec 3.
Increasing intake of low energy density (ED) foods in place of high ED foods has been proposed as a strategy for preventing or treating obesity. This study investigated how substituting mushrooms for beef in a test lunch affected energy intake, fat intake, palatability, appetite, satiation and satiety in normal weight, overweight and obese adults. Each subject consumed a total of eight test lunches in our lab over two consecutive weeks. The order of presentation of four consecutive meat lunches and four consecutive mushroom lunches was randomized. Energy content of meat and mushroom lunches varied (783 kcal versus 339 kcal), while volume was held constant. Energy intakes were significantly higher during meat lunches than mushroom lunches (730+/-7.9 kcal versus 310+/-5.8 kcal). Subjects exhibited only partial compensation (11.4+/-12.0%) for this difference over 4 days. Total daily energy intake and fat intake were significantly greater in the meat condition than in the mushroom condition, while ratings of palatability, appetite, satiation and satiety did not differ significantly. These results suggest that substituting low ED foods for high ED foods in otherwise similar recipes can be an effective method for reducing daily energy and fat intake.
用低能量密度（ED）食物替代高能量密度食物来增加摄入量，已被提议作为预防或治疗肥胖的一种策略。本研究调查了在一份测试午餐中用蘑菇替代牛肉，对正常体重、超重和肥胖成年人的能量摄入、脂肪摄入、适口性、食欲、饱腹感和饱足感有何影响。在连续两周的时间里，每位受试者在我们实验室总共食用了八份测试午餐。四份连续的肉类午餐和四份连续的蘑菇午餐的呈现顺序是随机的。肉类午餐和蘑菇午餐的能量含量不同（783千卡对339千卡），而体积保持不变。肉类午餐期间的能量摄入量显著高于蘑菇午餐（730±7.9千卡对310±5.8千卡）。在4天内，受试者对这种差异仅表现出部分补偿（11.4±12.0%）。肉类饮食状态下的每日总能量摄入和脂肪摄入显著高于蘑菇饮食状态，而适口性、食欲、饱腹感和饱足感评分没有显著差异。这些结果表明，在其他方面相似的食谱中用低能量密度食物替代高能量密度食物，可能是减少每日能量和脂肪摄入的有效方法。
