Uzquiano Maria C, Prieto Victor G, Nash Jason W, Ivan Doina S, Gong Yun, Lazar Alexander J F, Diwan A Hafeez
Department of Pathology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Mod Pathol. 2008 May;21(5):540-3. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.3801051. Epub 2008 Jan 25.
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy in Caucasian individuals. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma is extremely rare (with a rate estimated as 0.03%). Actin has been detected in aggressive forms of basal cell carcinoma, but their expression in metastatic lesions is not known. We compared the expression of actin and actin-related cytoskeletal proteins in relatively less aggressive basal cell carcinoma (nodular), aggressive basal cell carcinoma (infiltrative/morpheaform), and metastatic basal cell carcinoma. We studied 12 cases of nodular basal cell carcinoma, 10 cases of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, and 10 cases of metastatic basal cell carcinoma with immunohistochemistry for alpha-smooth muscle actin, calponin, myosin, and E-cadherin. Expression was interpreted as positive when at least 5% of the tumor exhibited at least weak expression. Five of the ten patients with metastatic basal cell carcinoma had an antecedent history of radiotherapy. Actin was present in 3 of 12 (25%) of the nodular, all 10 of the infiltrative, and 3 of 10 of the metastatic basal cell carcinomas (P<0.05 for metastatic vs infiltrative and nodular vs infiltrative). Calponin was present in 50% of the nodular, 60% of the infiltrative, and 30% of the metastatic basal cell carcinomas (not statistically significant). Myosin expression was not detected in any of the cases. E-cadherin was present in 75% of the nodular, 70% of the infiltrative, and all of the metastatic basal cell carcinomas (P<0.05 for metastatic vs nodular). Our results suggest that increased actin may contribute to local invasiveness, but it is lost in the metastatic phenotype. History of previous radiotherapy may contribute to development of the metastatic phenotype.
基底细胞癌是白种人中最常见的恶性肿瘤。转移性基底细胞癌极为罕见（估计发生率为0.03%）。在侵袭性基底细胞癌中已检测到肌动蛋白，但其在转移病灶中的表达情况尚不清楚。我们比较了相对低度侵袭性基底细胞癌（结节型）、侵袭性基底细胞癌（浸润性/硬斑病样）和转移性基底细胞癌中肌动蛋白及肌动蛋白相关细胞骨架蛋白的表达。我们采用免疫组织化学方法检测了12例结节型基底细胞癌、10例浸润性基底细胞癌和10例转移性基底细胞癌中的α-平滑肌肌动蛋白、钙调蛋白、肌球蛋白和E-钙黏蛋白。当至少5%的肿瘤呈现至少弱阳性表达时，表达被判定为阳性。10例转移性基底细胞癌患者中有5例有放疗史。在12例结节型基底细胞癌中有3例（25%）存在肌动蛋白，10例浸润性基底细胞癌均存在肌动蛋白，10例转移性基底细胞癌中有3例存在肌动蛋白（转移性与浸润性相比以及结节型与浸润性相比，P<0.05）。钙调蛋白在50%的结节型、60%的浸润性和30%的转移性基底细胞癌中存在（无统计学意义）。所有病例均未检测到肌球蛋白表达。E-钙黏蛋白在75%的结节型、70%的浸润性和所有转移性基底细胞癌中存在（转移性与结节型相比，P<0.05）。我们的结果表明，肌动蛋白增加可能有助于局部侵袭性，但在转移表型中缺失。既往放疗史可能有助于转移表型的形成。
