Lindsey Nicole P, Kuhn Stephanie, Campbell Grant L, Hayes Edward B
Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2008 Spring;8(1):35-9. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2007.0137.
As the geographic range of reported human West Nile virus (WNV) disease has expanded across the United States, seasonal transmission and outbreaks have persisted over several years in many areas of the country. West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease (WNND) case reports from 2002 to 2006 were reviewed to determine which areas of the country have the highest reported cumulative incidence and whether those areas have had consistently high annual incidence. During the 5-year period examined, 9632 cases of WNND were reported nationwide. The cumulative incidence of WNND ranged from 0.2 to 32.2 per 100,000 population by state and from 0.1 to 241.2 per 100,000 population by county. States and counties with the highest cumulative incidence were primarily located in the northern Great Plains. States with consistently high annual incidence included South Dakota, North Dakota, Wyoming, New Mexico, Mississippi, Nebraska, Louisiana, and Colorado. All of these states, with the exception of New Mexico, were also among the states with the highest cumulative incidence. Counties with repeatedly high annual incidence were also primarily in the Great Plains and mid-South. The risk of WNND appears to be highest in areas where the primary WNV vectors are Culex tarsalis and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes.
随着西尼罗河病毒（WNV）感染人类疾病的报告地理范围在美国不断扩大，季节性传播和疫情在该国许多地区已持续数年。回顾了2002年至2006年西尼罗河病毒神经侵袭性疾病（WNND）的病例报告，以确定该国哪些地区报告的累积发病率最高，以及这些地区的年发病率是否一直居高不下。在研究的5年期间，全国共报告了9632例WNND病例。按州计算，WNND的累积发病率为每10万人0.2至32.2例，按县计算为每10万人0.1至241.2例。累积发病率最高的州和县主要位于大平原北部。年发病率一直居高不下的州包括南达科他州、北达科他州、怀俄明州、新墨西哥州、密西西比州、内布拉斯加州、路易斯安那州和科罗拉多州。除新墨西哥州外，所有这些州也都在累积发病率最高的州之列。年发病率反复居高不下的县也主要位于大平原和中南部地区。在主要的WNV传播媒介为西方马脑炎病毒和致倦库蚊的地区，WNND的风险似乎最高。
