Odaibo G N, Taiwo A, Aken'Ova Y A, Olaleye D O
Department of Virology, University College Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Mar;102(3):284-7. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.12.001.
In developing countries as many as 50% of patients for whom a transfusion is indicated are at risk of dying immediately if transfusion is withheld. It is therefore important that blood transfusion is made as safe as possible. This study was designed to assess the safety of blood transfusion in two large blood banks in Ibadan, Nigeria. Aliquots of 250 samples already screened and passed as negative for HIV-1 and -2 were collected from each of the blood banks. Samples were tested for the presence of HIV-1 antigen (ELAVIA Ag I) and the antigen-positive samples tested for the presence of specific HIV-1 antibodies by Western blot (BioRad, France). All antigen-positive samples were also subjected to PCR. HIV-1 antigen was detected in 6 (1.2%) of the 500 samples, of which 4 (0.8%) and 3 (0.6%) were Western blot-indeterminate and PCR-positive, respectively. Transfusion of HIV-contaminated blood may be contributing significantly to the spread of the virus in Nigeria. There is therefore an urgent need for an organized blood-banking system with facilities for more sensitive assays for the detection of HIV in blood to prevent transmission through transfusion.
在发展中国家，多达50%需要输血的患者若不输血，就会面临立即死亡的风险。因此，确保输血尽可能安全至关重要。本研究旨在评估尼日利亚伊巴丹两家大型血库的输血安全性。从每家血库收集了250份已筛查且HIV-1和HIV-2检测呈阴性的样本。检测样本中HIV-1抗原（ELAVIA Ag I）的存在情况，抗原呈阳性的样本通过蛋白质印迹法（法国伯乐公司）检测特定HIV-1抗体的存在情况。所有抗原呈阳性的样本也进行了聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测。在500份样本中，有6份（1.2%）检测出HIV-1抗原，其中分别有4份（0.8%）蛋白质印迹法检测结果不确定且PCR检测呈阳性，3份（0.6%）PCR检测呈阳性。受HIV污染血液的输血可能在很大程度上导致了该病毒在尼日利亚的传播。因此，迫切需要一个有组织的血库系统，配备能更灵敏检测血液中HIV的设施，以防止通过输血传播病毒。
