Gathje Rebecca A, Lewandowski Lawrence J, Gordon Michael
Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
J Atten Disord. 2008 Mar;11(5):529-37. doi: 10.1177/1087054707314028.
Current diagnostic criteria for ADHD require the consideration of impairment in making a diagnosis, although clinical and research definitions of ADHD rely more heavily on reported symptoms. This study explored the relationship between impairment and symptoms, variables predictive of impairment, and variation in ADHD identification when impairment criteria are added to symptom criteria.
ADHD symptoms and impairment were assessed using archival parent and teacher rating scale data.
The results indicated that (a) single impairment measures alone and a global impairment index were, at best, only moderately correlated with symptom reports; (b) predictor variables accounted for a small percentage of the variance in impairment; and (c) the number of children meeting criteria for ADHD diagnosis varied dramatically when impairment measures were considered.
Symptoms and impairment are related yet distinct constructs that should be measured independently to determine the presence of ADHD.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）目前的诊断标准要求在做出诊断时考虑功能损害，尽管ADHD的临床和研究定义更侧重于所报告的症状。本研究探讨了功能损害与症状之间的关系、功能损害的预测变量，以及当在症状标准中加入功能损害标准时ADHD识别的差异。
使用存档的家长和教师评定量表数据评估ADHD症状和功能损害。
结果表明：（a）单独的单一功能损害测量指标和整体功能损害指数与症状报告的相关性充其量只是中等程度；（b）预测变量在功能损害的方差中所占比例很小；（c）当考虑功能损害测量指标时，符合ADHD诊断标准的儿童数量有很大差异。
症状和功能损害是相关但不同的概念，应独立测量以确定是否存在ADHD。
