National Neurological AIDS Bank, Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles - David Geffen School of Medicine, 11645 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 770, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2009 Feb;13(1):118-32. doi: 10.1007/s10461-008-9360-x. Epub 2008 Feb 9.
Despite progress in the treatment of the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there continues to be a high prevalence of infected individuals who develop neurocognitive deficits and disorders. Our understanding of the potential cause of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continues to develop on many fronts. Among them is the study of host genetics. Here, we review the most current information regarding the association between host genetics and risk for HIV infection, AIDS, and HAND. We focus on the role of dopamine dysfunction in the etiology of HAND, and propose a number of genetic polymorphisms within genes related to dopaminergic functioning and other neurobiological factors that may confer vulnerability or protection against HAND.
尽管在人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的治疗方面取得了进展,但仍有大量感染个体出现神经认知缺陷和障碍。我们对 HIV 相关神经认知障碍 (HAND) 的潜在病因的理解在许多方面仍在不断发展。其中包括宿主遗传学的研究。在这里,我们回顾了关于宿主遗传学与 HIV 感染、艾滋病和 HAND 风险之间关联的最新信息。我们重点介绍了多巴胺功能障碍在 HAND 病因学中的作用,并提出了与多巴胺能功能和其他神经生物学因素相关的基因中的一些遗传多态性,这些因素可能使人易患 HAND 或对 HAND 具有保护作用。