Cannie M, Jani J, De Keyzer F, Van Kerkhove F, Meersschaert J, Lewi L, Deprest J, Dymarkowski S
Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Eur Radiol. 2008 Jul;18(7):1364-74. doi: 10.1007/s00330-008-0877-1. Epub 2008 Feb 13.
Ultrasound, which is now a widely available and generally accepted, low-cost technique with real-time properties, is the screening investigation of choice in fetal medicine. However, enthusiasm for fetal prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is rising, because of the absence of known biological risks, the increasing ease of performing of fetal MRI and the superb contrast resolution provided. Over the last 10 years, the technology has advanced dramatically. Fast imaging sequences have allowed better MRI visualization of the unborn patient than ever before. As a consequence, experience with fetal MRI is gradually expanding. We are beginning to appreciate the clinical conditions where fetal MRI can complement the ultrasound findings. Apart from the central nervous system, MRI of the fetal lung has received the most attention. Fetal MRI can be used to assess thoracic structural anomalies, lung development as well as maturation. The introduction of fetal therapy for severe lung hypoplasia, associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), has recently boosted the application. This review aims to highlight MRI techniques used to image the lungs of the unborn child and to point out their strengths and limitations in specific conditions.
超声是一种目前广泛可用、普遍接受且具有实时特性的低成本技术，是胎儿医学筛查检查的首选。然而，由于不存在已知的生物风险、胎儿MRI操作日益简便以及提供了出色的对比分辨率，对胎儿产前磁共振成像（MRI）的热情正在上升。在过去10年中，该技术有了显著进步。快速成像序列使未出生患者的MRI可视化比以往任何时候都更好。因此，胎儿MRI的经验正在逐渐扩大。我们开始认识到胎儿MRI可以补充超声检查结果的临床情况。除中枢神经系统外，胎儿肺部的MRI受到了最多关注。胎儿MRI可用于评估胸部结构异常、肺发育以及成熟度。与先天性膈疝（CDH）相关的严重肺发育不全的胎儿治疗方法的引入，最近推动了其应用。这篇综述旨在突出用于对未出生儿童肺部成像的MRI技术，并指出它们在特定情况下的优势和局限性。
