Risko Evan F, Besner Derek
Psychology Department, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Exp Psychol. 2008;55(1):38-46. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169.55.1.38.
Spatial stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility effects are widely assumed to reflect the automatic activation of a spatial response by the spatial attributes of a stimulus. The experiments reported here investigate the role of the participant's set in enabling or interacting with this putatively automatic spatial response activation. Participants performed a color discrimination task (Experiment 1) or a localization task (Experiment 2). In each experiment, two different S-R mappings were used and a task-cue indicated the appropriate mapping on each trial. S-R compatibility and the time between the task-cue and target were manipulated, and compatibility effects were assessed as a function of (a) the time between the task-cue and the stimulus, and (b) whether the S-R mapping repeated or switched on consecutive trials. Critically, whether response mappings repeated or switched on consecutive trials determined the relation between compatibility effects and the time between task-cue and stimulus. These results are discussed in terms of an interaction between automatic spatial response activation and the participant's set.
空间刺激-反应（S-R）兼容性效应被广泛认为反映了刺激的空间属性对空间反应的自动激活。本文所报告的实验研究了参与者的定势在促成这种假定的自动空间反应激活或与之相互作用方面的作用。参与者执行了颜色辨别任务（实验1）或定位任务（实验2）。在每个实验中，使用了两种不同的S-R映射，并且任务提示在每次试验中指示适当的映射。对S-R兼容性以及任务提示与目标之间的时间进行了操纵，并根据以下因素评估兼容性效应：（a）任务提示与刺激之间的时间，以及（b）S-R映射在连续试验中是重复还是切换。至关重要的是，S-R映射在连续试验中是重复还是切换决定了兼容性效应与任务提示和刺激之间时间的关系。将根据自动空间反应激活与参与者定势之间的相互作用来讨论这些结果。
