Pearce J, Hiscock R, Blakely T, Witten K
GeoHealth Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008 Mar;62(3):198-201. doi: 10.1136/jech.2006.059196.
It is often suggested that neighbourhood access to food retailers affects the dietary patterns of local residents, but this hypothesis has not been adequately researched. We examine the association between neighbourhood accessibility to supermarkets and convenience stores and individuals' consumption of fruit and vegetables in New Zealand.
Using geographical information systems, travel times from the population-weighted centroid of each neighbourhood to the closest supermarket and convenience store were calculated for 38,350 neighbourhoods. These neighbourhood measures of accessibility were appended to the 2002-3 New Zealand Health Survey of 12,529 adults.
The consumption of the recommended daily intake of fruit was not associated with living in a neighbourhood with better access to supermarkets or convenience stores. Similarly, access to supermarkets was not related to vegetable intake. However, individuals in the quartile of neighbourhoods with the best access to convenience stores had 25% (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60% to 0.93%) lower odds of eating the recommended vegetable intake compared to individuals in the base category (worst access).
This study found little evidence that poor locational access to food retail provision is associated with lower fruit and vegetable consumption. However, before rejecting the common sense notion that neighbourhood access to fruit and vegetables affects personal consumption, research that measures fruit and vegetable access more precisely and directly is required.
人们常认为社区获取食品零售商的机会会影响当地居民的饮食模式，但这一假设尚未得到充分研究。我们研究了新西兰社区到超市和便利店的可达性与个人水果和蔬菜消费之间的关联。
利用地理信息系统，计算了38350个社区从每个社区人口加权质心到最近超市和便利店的出行时间。这些社区可达性指标被添加到2002 - 2003年对12529名成年人进行的新西兰健康调查中。
达到推荐每日水果摄入量的消费情况与居住在超市或便利店可达性更好的社区无关。同样，到超市的可达性与蔬菜摄入量也无关。然而，与基础类别（可达性最差）的个体相比，居住在便利店可达性最佳四分位数社区的个体摄入推荐蔬菜量的几率低25%（比值比0.75，95%置信区间0.60%至0.93%）。
本研究几乎没有发现证据表明食品零售供应的位置不佳与水果和蔬菜消费量较低有关。然而，在摒弃社区获取水果和蔬菜会影响个人消费这一常识性观念之前，需要进行更精确和直接测量水果和蔬菜获取情况的研究。
