Oishi Shigehiro, Koo Minkyung, Akimoto Sharon
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22904-4400, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2008 Mar;34(3):307-20. doi: 10.1177/0146167207311198.
The authors examined cultural differences in interpersonal processes associated with happiness felt in social interactions. In a false feedback experiment (Study 1a), they found that European Americans felt happier when their interaction partner perceived their personal self accurately, whereas Asian Americans felt happier when their interaction partner perceived their collective self accurately. In Study 1b, the authors further demonstrated that the results from Study 1a were not because of cultural differences in desirability of the traits used in Study 1a. In Studies 2 and 3, they used a 2-week event sampling method and replicated Study 1. Unlike Asian Americans, African Americans were not significantly different from European Americans in the predictors of happiness in social interactions. Together, this research shows that interpersonal affirmation of important aspects of the self leads to happiness and that cultural differences are likely to emerge from the emphasis placed on different aspects of the self.
作者们研究了与社交互动中感受到的幸福相关的人际过程中的文化差异。在一项虚假反馈实验（研究1a）中，他们发现，当互动伙伴准确地感知到他们的个人自我时，欧裔美国人会感到更幸福，而当互动伙伴准确地感知到他们的集体自我时，亚裔美国人会感到更幸福。在研究1b中，作者们进一步证明，研究1a的结果并非源于研究1a中所使用特质的期望方面的文化差异。在研究2和研究3中，他们采用了为期两周的事件抽样方法，并重复了研究1。与亚裔美国人不同，非裔美国人在社交互动中幸福的预测因素方面与欧裔美国人没有显著差异。总之，这项研究表明，对自我重要方面的人际肯定会带来幸福，而且文化差异可能源于对自我不同方面的强调。
