Kindermann W, Urhausen A
Institut für Sport- und Leistungsmedizin, Universität des Saarlandes.
Fortschr Med. 1991 Jan 30;109(3):33-6.
A uniformly enlarged heart with increased performance is known as athlete's heart. The largest hearts are seen among endurance-trained athletes. The ratio mass to volume remains unchanged, both in endurance-trained and power-trained athletes, and a concentric type of hypertrophy is not induced by power training. Echocardiographic changes in the left ventricle are only slight. Such a heart is less common among athletes than is generally supposed. For differentiating between physiological and pathological hypertrophy, the history of sporting activity is of major importance, and can be defined by means of a score. The interruption or cessation of physical training results in regression of dilatation and hypertrophy. In non-competitive athletes cardiac enlargement must be considered pathological until proved otherwise.
心脏均匀增大且功能增强被称为运动员心脏。最大的心脏见于耐力训练的运动员中。在耐力训练和力量训练的运动员中，质量与体积之比均保持不变，力量训练不会诱发同心性肥厚。左心室的超声心动图变化仅很轻微。这种心脏在运动员中比一般认为的要少见。为区分生理性和病理性肥厚，体育活动史至关重要，可通过评分来界定。体育训练的中断或停止会导致扩张和肥厚的消退。在非竞技运动员中，除非能证明并非如此，否则心脏增大必须被视为病理性的。
