Holgate Stephen T, Polosa Riccardo
IIR Division, F Level, South Block, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Mar;8(3):218-30. doi: 10.1038/nri2262. Epub 2008 Feb 15.
Allergic diseases have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. An understanding of the cellular and soluble mediators that are involved in allergic inflammatory responses not only helps in understanding the mechanisms of current treatments, but is also important for the identification of new targets that are amenable to both small-molecule and biological interventions. There is now considerable optimism with regards to tackling the allergy epidemic in light of improvements in systemic and mucosal allergen-specific immunotherapy, the identification of key cytokines and their receptors that drive T-helper-2-cell polarization, a clearer understanding of the pathways of leukocyte recruitment and the signalling pathways that are involved in cell activation and mediator secretion, and new approaches to vaccine development.
过敏性疾病在全球范围内已达到流行程度。了解参与过敏性炎症反应的细胞和可溶性介质，不仅有助于理解当前治疗的机制，对于确定适用于小分子和生物干预的新靶点也很重要。鉴于全身和黏膜过敏原特异性免疫疗法的改进、驱动辅助性T2细胞极化的关键细胞因子及其受体的鉴定、对白细胞募集途径以及细胞活化和介质分泌所涉及的信号通路有了更清晰的认识，以及疫苗开发的新方法，目前人们对解决过敏流行问题抱有相当大的乐观态度。
