Keogh Justin W L, Hume Patria A, Pearson Simon N, Mellow Peter
Institute of Sport and Recreation Research New Zealand, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Sports Sci. 2008 Mar;26(5):531-41. doi: 10.1080/02640410701644034.
We examined sexual dimorphism in the anthropometry of 68 Australasian and Pacific powerlifters (14 females, 54 males) who were competing in one of two national or international powerlifting competitions held in New Zealand. All powerlifters were assessed for 37 anthropometric dimensions by ISAK (International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry) Level II and III accredited anthropometrists. While the powerlifters were highly mesomorphic and possessed large girths and bone breadths, both in absolute terms and when expressed as Z(p)-scores compared through the Phantom (Ross & Wilson, 1974), these characteristics were often more pronounced in male than female lifters. No significant inter-gender differences in any of the measures of adiposity were observed. When normalized through the Phantom, the female and male powerlifters had relatively similar segment lengths and bone breadths, indicating that regardless of gender, competitive powerlifters possess comparable skeletal proportions. These results indicate that although competitive powerlifters exhibit sexual dimorphism for many absolute anthropometric measures, little dimorphism is found for measures of adiposity and for proportional segment lengths and bone breadths. These results further support the importance of anthropometric profiling for powerlifting, and suggest that successful male and female powerlifters will possess similar proportional characteristics.
我们对68名参加在新西兰举行的两项全国性或国际性力量举比赛之一的澳大拉西亚和太平洋地区力量举运动员（14名女性，54名男性）的人体测量学中的性别差异进行了研究。所有力量举运动员均由国际人体测量学促进协会（ISAK）二级和三级认证的人体测量师对37项人体测量维度进行评估。虽然这些力量举运动员在绝对数值上以及以通过Phantom（罗斯和威尔逊，1974年）比较的Z(p)分数表示时，都具有高度的中胚层体型，且腰围和骨宽度较大，但这些特征在男性力量举运动员中往往比女性更为明显。在任何肥胖测量指标上均未观察到显著的性别差异。通过Phantom进行标准化后，女性和男性力量举运动员的节段长度和骨宽度相对相似，这表明无论性别如何，竞技力量举运动员的骨骼比例相当。这些结果表明，尽管竞技力量举运动员在许多绝对人体测量指标上表现出性别差异，但在肥胖测量指标以及节段长度比例和骨宽度方面几乎没有差异。这些结果进一步支持了人体测量剖析对力量举的重要性，并表明成功的男性和女性力量举运动员将具有相似的比例特征。
