Revishchin A V, Korochkin L I, Okhotin V E, Pavlova G V
Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia.
Int Rev Cytol. 2008;265:55-109. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7696(07)65002-5.
New fundamental results on stem cell biology have been obtained in the past 15 years. These results allow us to reinterpret the functioning of the cerebral tissue in health and disease. Proliferating stem cells have been found in the adult brain, which can be involved in postinjury repair and can replace dead cells under specific conditions. Numerous genomic mechanisms controlling stem cell proliferation and differentiation have been identified. The involvement of stem cells in the genesis of malignant tumors has been demonstrated. Neural stem cell tropism toward tumors has been shown. These findings suggest new lines of research on brain functioning and development. Stem cells can be used to develop radically new treatments of neurodegenerative and cancer diseases of the brain.
在过去15年里，干细胞生物学取得了新的重要成果。这些成果使我们能够重新诠释健康和疾病状态下脑组织的功能。在成人大脑中发现了增殖性干细胞，它们可参与损伤后的修复，并在特定条件下替代死亡细胞。已经确定了许多控制干细胞增殖和分化的基因组机制。已证实干细胞参与恶性肿瘤的发生。已表明神经干细胞对肿瘤具有趋向性。这些发现为脑功能和发育的研究指明了新方向。干细胞可用于开发针对脑部神经退行性疾病和癌症的全新治疗方法。
