Klin A
London School of Economics.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1991 Mar;21(1):29-42. doi: 10.1007/BF02206995.
Autism is a childhood disorder diagnosed primarily in the presence of severe social unresponsiveness in the first 3 years of life (Volkmar, 1987). Since speech exerts a prepotent attraction on the attention of normally developing infants, hence facilitating social engagement, we designed a technique to examine whether this inborn reaction could be at fault in young autistic children. They were given a choice between their mothers' speech and the noise of superimposed voices (a sound effect obtained in a busy canteen). Data were obtained utilizing a specially designed automated and computerized device which recorded the children's responses in their own homes. In contrast to comparison groups of mentally retarded and normally developing children who showed the expected strong preference for their mothers' speech, the autistic children actively preferred the alternative sound or showed a lack of preference for either audio segment. These results suggest that such abnormal reactions to speech are a feature of these children's overall disregard to people.
自闭症是一种主要在儿童生命的头3年出现严重社交无反应的童年疾病（沃尔克马尔，1987年）。由于言语对正常发育的婴儿的注意力具有强大的吸引力，从而促进社交互动，我们设计了一种技术来检验这种天生的反应是否在自闭症幼儿中出现了问题。让他们在母亲的声音和叠加的人声噪音（在繁忙食堂获得的一种音效）之间做出选择。利用专门设计的自动化和计算机化设备获取数据，该设备在儿童家中记录他们的反应。与智力迟钝和正常发育儿童的对照组不同，后者表现出对母亲声音的预期强烈偏好，而自闭症儿童则积极地更喜欢另一种声音，或者对任何一个音频片段都没有偏好。这些结果表明，对言语的这种异常反应是这些儿童对他人普遍漠视的一个特征。
