Schroeder Charles E, Lakatos Peter, Kajikawa Yoshinao, Partan Sarah, Puce Aina
Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia Program, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2008 Mar;12(3):106-13. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2008.01.002. Epub 2008 Feb 15.
It is widely recognized that viewing a speaker's face enhances vocal communication, although the neural substrates of this phenomenon remain unknown. We propose that the enhancement effect uses the ongoing oscillatory activity of local neuronal ensembles in the primary auditory cortex. Neuronal oscillations reflect rhythmic shifting of neuronal ensembles between high and low excitability states. Our hypothesis holds that oscillations are 'predictively' modulated by visual input, so that related auditory input arrives during a high excitability phase and is thus amplified. We discuss the anatomical substrates and key timing parameters that enable and constrain this effect. Our hypothesis makes testable predictions for future studies and emphasizes the idea that 'background' oscillatory activity is instrumental to cortical sensory processing.
人们普遍认为，观察说话者的面部有助于增强语音交流，尽管这一现象的神经基础尚不清楚。我们提出，这种增强效应利用了初级听觉皮层中局部神经元群的持续振荡活动。神经元振荡反映了神经元群在高兴奋性和低兴奋性状态之间的节律性转换。我们的假设认为，振荡由视觉输入“预测性”调节，这样相关的听觉输入在高兴奋性阶段到达，从而被放大。我们讨论了促成并限制这种效应的解剖学基础和关键时间参数。我们的假设为未来的研究提出了可检验的预测，并强调了“背景”振荡活动对皮层感觉处理至关重要的观点。
