Horn Rubem Cesar, Vargas Vera Maria Ferrão
Departamento de Laboratórios, Laboratório de Análises Moleculares e Mutagênese Ambiental, Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luís Roessler, Av. Dr. Salvador França, 1707, CEP 90690-000 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Jun;22(4):1043-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.12.014. Epub 2007 Dec 31.
Plant species are widely used in tea form in Brazil, but little is known about scientific aspects of the effect of these aqueous extracts on human health or on genetic material. Mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of three plant species, Vitex montevidensis Cham. (Lamiaceae), Gochnatia cordata Less. (Asteraceae) and G. polymorpha (Asteraceae) in the Salmonella/microsome assay were evaluated. No mutagenic activity was found for base-pair substitution (TA100) and frameshift mutations (TA98) in the three extracts studied. Low indexes of mutagenesis inhibition induced for the V. montevidensis extract with the sodium azide mutagen and results of co-mutagenesis with 4-oxide-1-nitroquinoline were observed for the three extracts evaluated without addition of a rat liver metabolic system fraction (S9 mix). Assays with S9 mix showed significant antimutagenic properties against mutagenesis induced by 2-aminofluorene, both for TA98 (67% of the assays) and for TA100 (100% of the assays). This protective activity was possibly related to properties described for flavonoids and/or tannins acting as potential inactivators of enzymes involved in the mutagen metabolism.
在巴西，植物物种被广泛制成茶来使用，但对于这些水提取物对人体健康或遗传物质影响的科学方面却知之甚少。评估了三种植物物种——马鞭草（唇形科）、心叶戈纳菊（菊科）和多形戈纳菊（菊科）在沙门氏菌/微粒体试验中的诱变和抗诱变活性。在所研究的三种提取物中，未发现碱基对置换（TA100）和移码突变（TA98）的诱变活性。在不添加大鼠肝脏代谢系统组分（S9混合物）的情况下，观察到马鞭草提取物对叠氮化钠诱变剂诱导的诱变抑制指数较低，以及三种提取物与4-氧化物-1-硝基喹啉的共诱变结果。使用S9混合物的试验显示，对2-氨基芴诱导的诱变具有显著的抗诱变特性，对于TA98（67%的试验）和TA100（100%的试验）均如此。这种保护活性可能与黄酮类化合物和/或单宁作为诱变代谢中相关酶的潜在失活剂所具有的特性有关。
