Neff John, Modlin John, Birkhead Guthrie S, Poland Gregory, Robertson Rose Marie, Sepkowitz Kent, Yancy Clyde, Gardner Pierce, Gray Gregory C, Maurer Toby, Siegel Jane, Guerra Fernando A, Berger Tim, Flanders W Dana, Shope Robert
Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Mar 15;46 Suppl 3:S258-70. doi: 10.1086/524749.
In December 2002, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the Department of Defense Armed Forces Epidemiological Board formed a joint Smallpox Vaccine Safety Working Group (SVS WG) to provide independent safety oversight for smallpox vaccination safety-monitoring systems. From January 2003 through June 2004, the SVS WG reviewed individual and aggregate safety data on postvaccination adverse events. Serious adverse events were rare because of careful education, prevaccination screening, and strict attention to vaccination-site management. Recent vaccinees safely cared for high-risk patients, adhering to recommended site care. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals without severe immunosuppression had uncomplicated vaccination reactions. Epidemiological studies supported a causal relationship between myocarditis and/or pericarditis and smallpox vaccination. Data supported neutrality regarding hypothesized causal associations between vaccination and dilated cardiomyopathy or ischemic cardiac disease. The SVS WG concurs with recommendations to defer from vaccination any person with >/=3 ischemic cardiac disease risk factors.
2002年12月，疾病控制与预防中心免疫实践咨询委员会和国防部武装部队流行病学委员会成立了一个联合天花疫苗安全工作组（SVS WG），为天花疫苗接种安全监测系统提供独立的安全监督。从2003年1月到2004年6月，SVS WG审查了接种后不良事件的个体和汇总安全数据。由于进行了仔细的教育、接种前筛查以及对疫苗接种部位管理的严格关注，严重不良事件很少见。近期接种疫苗者安全护理高危患者，遵循推荐的部位护理方法。没有严重免疫抑制的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者接种疫苗后的反应并不复杂。流行病学研究支持心肌炎和/或心包炎与天花疫苗接种之间存在因果关系。数据支持在疫苗接种与扩张型心肌病或缺血性心脏病之间假设的因果关联方面保持中立。SVS WG同意以下建议：对于有≥3个缺血性心脏病风险因素的任何人，推迟接种疫苗。
